H.J. Res. 125 (119th)Bill Overview

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services relating to "Policy on Adhering to the Text of the Administrative Procedure Act".

Government Operations and Politics|Administrative law and regulatory proceduresCongressional oversight
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Sep 18, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This joint resolution disapproves and nullifies a rule submitted by the Office of the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services titled “Policy on Adhering to the Text of the Administrative Procedure Act.” It invokes chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code (the Congressional Review Act) and states that the specified HHS rule, published March 3, 2025 and identified by a Government Accountability Office opinion (August 27, 2025) as a rule, "shall have no force or effect." The resolution was introduced in the House and referred to the Judiciary Committee.

Passage38/100

On content alone, this is a narrow, administratively focused CRA disapproval which is procedurally simpler to consider than major statutes and has low fiscal impact. Those features increase plausibility of passage. Countervailing factors include the political character of disapproving an executive action (which tends to split along institutional lines) and the absence of compromise features. Additionally, if the President opposes the disapproval, a veto would block enactment unless overridden — an outcome the resolution’s text does not address and which materially reduces the chance of becoming law in many contexts.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise Congressional Review Act disapproval resolution that clearly identifies the targeted HHS rule and invokes chapter 8 of title 5 to nullify it. The construction is minimal but typical for a CRA joint resolution: clear about the action but light on granular identifiers, implementation details, fiscal statements, and treatment of edge cases.

Contention68/100

Whether the HHS policy would constrain agencies (conservatives may favor) or instead limit agency flexibility and protections (liberals fear) — the text of the underlying policy is not provided, so interpretations diverge.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
StatesFederal agencies · Consumers
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersSupporters could say disapproval prevents an HHS policy from altering longstanding notice-and-comment or rulemaking pro…
  • StatesBackers might argue the resolution reinforces congressional primacy over substantive regulatory changes (by blocking an…
  • Targeted stakeholdersThose in favor may contend that nullifying the policy will avoid new compliance obligations for entities regulated by H…
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesCritics could argue disapproval removes administrative flexibility at HHS to interpret and apply the Administrative Pro…
  • Federal agenciesOpponents may say the resolution could increase litigation and regulatory uncertainty because agencies forced to rely m…
  • ConsumersSome critics might contend that invoking the Congressional Review Act to nullify this policy could shift regulatory and…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Whether the HHS policy would constrain agencies (conservatives may favor) or instead limit agency flexibility and protections (liberals fear) — the text of the underlying policy is not provided, so interpretations diver…
Progressive85%

A mainstream liberal/left-leaning observer is likely to view this disapproval favorably because it prevents an HHS policy that they would expect could narrow agency flexibility or make it harder for agencies to issue regulatory protections.

They would read the resolution as preserving agencies’ capacity to pursue public-health and civil-rights regulations without additional procedural constraints.

Because the bill text does not provide the rule’s full operative text, this position contains some uncertainty about specific legal effects.

Leans supportive
Centrist55%

A centrist/moderate would approach this resolution pragmatically, wanting clearer evidence about what the HHS policy would actually change in practice before making a firm judgment.

They would weigh the value of legal clarity and predictable procedures against the need for agencies to act flexibly on health matters.

Because the bill text is short and the underlying HHS policy is not included here, a centrist would probably be cautiously open to disapproval while seeking more analysis of downstream effects and costs.

Split reaction
Conservative25%

A mainstream conservative would view the underlying HHS "Policy on Adhering to the Text of the Administrative Procedure Act" and the congressional disapproval through the lens of administrative power and rulemaking constraints.

If the HHS policy sought to restrict use of certain streamlined actions or to keep agency practice more permissive, conservatives are likely to oppose nullification because they generally favor rules that enforce stricter adherence to statutory text and limit agency discretion.

However, because the bill is a congressional disapproval of an HHS rule, some conservatives might support the disapproval if they perceive the specific HHS policy as expanding agency authority — the lack of the policy’s full text creates uncertainty.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood38/100

On content alone, this is a narrow, administratively focused CRA disapproval which is procedurally simpler to consider than major statutes and has low fiscal impact. Those features increase plausibility of passage. Countervailing factors include the political character of disapproving an executive action (which tends to split along institutional lines) and the absence of compromise features. Additionally, if the President opposes the disapproval, a veto would block enactment unless overridden — an outcome the resolution’s text does not address and which materially reduces the chance of becoming law in many contexts.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether the joint resolution would receive majority support in each chamber given the political context and whether it would face a presidential veto; the text itself does not address or predict executive acceptance.
  • Although the bill cites a GAO opinion characterizing the policy statement as a rule, potential legal challenges or different legal interpretations could affect the practical impact and political dynamics.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Whether the HHS policy would constrain agencies (conservatives may favor) or instead limit agency flexibility and protections (liberals fea…

On content alone, this is a narrow, administratively focused CRA disapproval which is procedurally simpler to consider than major statutes…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise Congressional Review Act disapproval resolution that clearly identifies the targeted HHS rule and invokes chapter 8 of title 5 to nullify it. The constru…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

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