H.J. Res. 93 (119th)Bill Overview

Withdrawing approval of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization.

Joint ResolutionForeign Trade and International Finance|Foreign Trade and International Finance
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Apr 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 125.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Joint ResolutionWhat this resolution actually does

This resolution would withdraw the United States Congresss prior approval of the World Trade Organization Agreement that was given when Congress enacted the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. If passed by both chambers and signed by the President, it would formally remove that specific congressional approval from U.S. law. The text of the resolution only addresses withdrawing that approval and does not spell out any steps for international withdrawal, changes to treaty status, or how existing trade commitments would be handled. Any practical effects beyond removing the statutory approval would require further actions not contained in this text.

Passage rules

As a joint resolution, it must be approved by both the House and Senate and then presented to the President for signature to become law; the President could veto it, and a veto could be overridden only by the normal two-thirds vote in each chamber.

This joint resolution would withdraw Congress’s prior approval, given under section 101(a) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act, of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO).

The text simply states that Congress withdraws its approval of the WTO Agreement as defined in section 2(9) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act.

The resolution does not itself specify implementing steps or immediate legal mechanisms for effecting a U.S. exit or changing statutory trade law.

Passage12/100

A terse revocation with sweeping effects, no compromise features, and large economic and diplomatic costs makes enactment unlikely.

CredibilityMisaligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, single-statement statutory withdrawal of congressional approval for the WTO Agreement that references the URAA but offers very limited drafting detail or operational guidance.

Contention65/100

Sovereignty/control versus economic stability and legal predictability.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitSupporters could argue it restores congressional control over trade obligations and treaty approval.
  • Potential benefitIt could allow greater flexibility to raise tariffs protecting domestic industries and jobs.
  • Potential benefitSupporters might claim reduced constraints from WTO dispute rulings on domestic policy choices.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCritics could point to increased trade uncertainty harming exporters and global supply chains.
  • Potential burdenPotential foreign retaliation could reduce U.S. exports and harm export-dependent jobs and firms.
  • Potential burdenRemoving approval risks losing access to WTO dispute settlement protections and legal predictability.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Sovereignty/control versus economic stability and legal predictability.
Progressive30%

Likely skeptical or opposed.

While some on the left historically critique the WTO for favoring corporate interests, mainstream progressives would worry about abrupt economic disruption.

They would prefer reform or stronger domestic protections rather than a simple withdrawal.

Likely resistant
Centrist25%

Generally opposed or wary.

Centrists will emphasize the economic and legal uncertainty from withdrawing approval and prefer pursuing reforms through negotiation and multilateral pressure.

They will stress the need for analysis and a managed process if any change is pursued.

Likely resistant
Conservative70%

Generally supportive.

Mainstream conservatives focused on national sovereignty and trade autonomy will view withdrawal as reclaiming U.S. policy space from international institutions.

They will see potential to impose tariffs and negotiate bilateral terms without WTO constraints.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood12/100

A terse revocation with sweeping effects, no compromise features, and large economic and diplomatic costs makes enactment unlikely.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • No cost or economic impact estimate included
  • Presidential willingness to sign or veto is unknown
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Sovereignty/control versus economic stability and legal predictability.

A terse revocation with sweeping effects, no compromise features, and large economic and diplomatic costs makes enactment unlikely.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, single-statement statutory withdrawal of congressional approval for the WTO Agreement that references the URAA but offers very limited drafting detail o…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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