H.R. 110 (119th)Bill Overview

Small Business Prosperity Act of 2025

Taxation|Corporate finance and managementIncome tax deductions
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 3, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill makes major changes to the qualified business income (QBI) deduction by making it permanent, raising the allowable deduction substantially (to 43 percent, moving to 47 percent after 2025), and removing the wage and specified-service business limitations. It also prevents a taxable event when an entity simply changes corporate form (if owners, ownership interests, and assets remain the same) and repeals the federal estate tax for decedents dying after December 31, 2024.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize regressivity and revenue loss.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive amendment package to the Internal Revenue Code: it specifies direct statutory edits, effective dates, and some conforming changes.

The bill makes major changes to the qualified business income (QBI) deduction by making it permanent, raising the allowable deduction substantially (to 43 percent, moving to 47 percent after 2025), and removing the wage and specified-service business limitations.

It also prevents a taxable event when an entity simply changes corporate form (if owners, ownership interests, and assets remain the same) and repeals the federal estate tax for decedents dying after December 31, 2024.

Conforming amendments apply the QBI changes at partner/shareholder level and expand certain source rules (including Puerto Rico).

Passage20/100

Sweeping, high-cost tax reductions and estate repeal with no offsets are historically difficult to enact absent strong majority control and bipartisan concessions.

CredibilityMisaligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive amendment package to the Internal Revenue Code: it specifies direct statutory edits, effective dates, and some conforming changes. The drafting includes concrete line edits and targets the correct Code provisions. However, it omits fiscal offsets or any acknowledgment of budgetary impact, lacks detailed transitional or anti-abuse safeguards for significant behavioral and compliance effects, and contains some drafting/formatting ambiguities that will require technical corrections.

Contention80/100

Progressives emphasize regressivity and revenue loss.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Small businessesFederal agencies · States

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases after-tax income for eligible pass-through business owners through a larger QBI deduction.
  • Small businessesRemoves wage and specified-service limits, simplifying eligibility determinations for many small businesses.
  • Potential benefitRaises available cash flow for businesses, potentially supporting hiring and capital investment.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesLikely large federal revenue losses from the expanded QBI deduction and estate tax repeal.
  • StatesBenefits may be concentrated among higher-income pass-through owners and wealthy estates.
  • Potential burdenIncreases incentives for tax-motivated entity conversions and income shifting to reduce tax liabilities.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize regressivity and revenue loss.
Progressive5%

Likely strongly critical.

The package appears to deliver large, permanent tax cuts concentrated on pass-through owners and estates, worsening progressivity and increasing deficits.

Concerns will focus on distributional effects, potential for income recharacterization, and loss of revenue for public programs.

Likely resistant
Centrist40%

Mixed to skeptical.

The bill provides clear small-business tax relief and simplification, but its scale, permanence, and repeal of the estate tax raise fiscal and fairness concerns.

Supporters might favor narrower, targeted relief with cost offsets or anti-abuse rules.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Generally supportive.

The bill reduces tax burdens on small businesses and makes the QBI deduction more generous and permanent, while removing penalties on entity form changes and eliminating the estate tax.

Seen as pro-growth, pro-family, and pro-entrepreneurship by design.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood20/100

Sweeping, high-cost tax reductions and estate repeal with no offsets are historically difficult to enact absent strong majority control and bipartisan concessions.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • No official cost estimate (CBO) included
  • Text shows inconsistent percentage figures and some drafting ambiguity
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize regressivity and revenue loss.

Sweeping, high-cost tax reductions and estate repeal with no offsets are historically difficult to enact absent strong majority control and…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive amendment package to the Internal Revenue Code: it specifies direct statutory edits, effective dates, and some conforming changes. Th…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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