H.R. 1109 (119th)Bill Overview

Litigation Transparency Act of 2025

Law|Civil actions and liabilityLaw
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Feb 7, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill adds a new section to Title 28 requiring parties and their counsel in civil cases to disclose any non‑counsel person who has a contingent right to payments tied to the case outcome, and to produce related agreements. Exceptions cover repayment of loan principal, limited interest (the higher of 7% or twice the prior year’s average 30‑year Treasury yield), and attorney fee reimbursement.

Why people may split

Liberals emphasize disclosure revealing hidden influence; conservatives emphasize chilling commercial financing

Watch point

Narrow procedural reform with bipartisan appeal to transparency, but industry and plaintiff‑bar pushback likely.

The bill adds a new section to Title 28 requiring parties and their counsel in civil cases to disclose any non‑counsel person who has a contingent right to payments tied to the case outcome, and to produce related agreements.

Exceptions cover repayment of loan principal, limited interest (the higher of 7% or twice the prior year’s average 30‑year Treasury yield), and attorney fee reimbursement.

Disclosures must be made within 10 days of executing the agreement or at filing, and must be supplemented if materially incorrect.

Passage40/100

Technically narrow and administrable, so plausible, but stakeholder opposition and Senate procedural barriers reduce odds.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention65/100

Liberals emphasize disclosure revealing hidden influence; conservatives emphasize chilling commercial financing

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
CitiesLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases transparency about third‑party litigation funders and contingent payment arrangements.
  • Potential benefitEnables courts and parties to identify potential conflicts of interest and manage ethical concerns.
  • CitiesMay improve settlement evaluation by revealing funders' financial incentives and capacity to pay.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMay chill third‑party funding, reducing access to litigation for financially constrained plaintiffs.
  • Potential burdenRequires production of funding agreements that may contain sensitive commercial or proprietary information.
  • Potential burdenAdds compliance and document‑production burdens that could increase litigation costs for parties and counsel.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize disclosure revealing hidden influence; conservatives emphasize chilling commercial financing
Progressive85%

Likely supportive overall because the bill increases transparency about third‑party funding and potential conflicts of interest.

Views it as a tool to reveal hidden influence in litigation and protect public interest litigation integrity.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Generally favorable to transparency but concerned about administrative burdens and unintended effects on access to financing.

Would favor judicial safeguards and narrowly tailored exemptions.

Split reaction
Conservative30%

Skeptical overall; sees the bill as federal expansion of procedure that risks harming commercial confidentiality and chilling third‑party investment.

Prefers less intrusive or state‑level solutions.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Technically narrow and administrable, so plausible, but stakeholder opposition and Senate procedural barriers reduce odds.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Interaction with attorney‑client privilege and work‑product protections
  • How courts will treat confidentiality or protective orders
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize disclosure revealing hidden influence; conservatives emphasize chilling commercial financing

Technically narrow and administrable, so plausible, but stakeholder opposition and Senate procedural barriers reduce odds.

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for Litigation Transparency Act of 2025.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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