H.R. 1118 (119th)Bill Overview

Value Over Cost Act of 2025

Government Operations and Politics|Government Operations and PoliticsPublic contracts and procurement
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Feb 7, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, and in addition to the Committee on Armed Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in eac…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends procurement provisions in 41 U.S.C. and 10 U.S.C. to allow orders and contracts under the multiple award schedule program to be awarded either to the lowest overall cost alternative or, when the Administrator of General Services so determines, on a "best value" basis as defined in FAR 15.101. The change is conditional on a determination by the GSA Administrator and applies to civilian and Department of Defense statute sections cited.

Why people may split

Supporters stress quality, sustainability, and mission effectiveness

Watch point

Narrow, technical change with limited controversy; likely to attract bipartisan interest in committee and floor as procurement fix.

The bill amends procurement provisions in 41 U.S.C. and 10 U.S.C. to allow orders and contracts under the multiple award schedule program to be awarded either to the lowest overall cost alternative or, when the Administrator of General Services so determines, on a "best value" basis as defined in FAR 15.101.

The change is conditional on a determination by the GSA Administrator and applies to civilian and Department of Defense statute sections cited.

Passage40/100

Limited, administratively focused change with modest fiscal risk increases chances; potential opposition from cost‑conscious lawmakers and need for Senate accommodation lower odds.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention52/100

Supporters stress quality, sustainability, and mission effectiveness

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedPermitting process

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitEnables agencies to consider factors beyond price, such as quality and performance.
  • Potential benefitMay improve mission outcomes by allowing selection of higher-performing vendors when needed.
  • Potential benefitCould reduce total lifecycle costs by valuing durability, maintenance, and other long-term benefits.
Likely burdened
  • Permitting processCould raise near-term procurement costs by permitting awards that are not the lowest-priced.
  • Potential burdenGrants additional discretion to the GSA Administrator, increasing risk of inconsistent application.
  • Potential burdenMay increase administrative and evaluation burdens for agencies documenting best-value determinations.
Congressional Budget Office

CBO cost estimate

The clearest budget scorecard attached to this bill: what it changes for direct spending, revenue, and the deficit.

As ordered reported by the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform on February 5, 2026

03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Supporters stress quality, sustainability, and mission effectiveness
Progressive75%

Likely generally supportive because the bill allows agencies to consider quality and non-price factors.

They would view best-value authority as a tool to advance durable, sustainable, and equitable procurement outcomes, while urging transparency and social safeguards.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Cautiously positive: the bill provides pragmatic flexibility to balance cost and quality but is narrow in scope.

Centrists would want clear criteria, oversight, and measurable guardrails to prevent unnecessary cost increases.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

Skeptical to opposed: the change grants additional discretion to procurement officials and may reduce emphasis on lowest cost.

Concerns center on taxpayer costs, bureaucratic expansion, and potential politicization of awards.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Limited, administratively focused change with modest fiscal risk increases chances; potential opposition from cost‑conscious lawmakers and need for Senate accommodation lower odds.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or CBO score provided
  • Level of industry or watchdog support/opposition unknown
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Supporters stress quality, sustainability, and mission effectiveness

Limited, administratively focused change with modest fiscal risk increases chances; potential opposition from cost‑conscious lawmakers and…

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for Value Over Cost Act of 2025.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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