H.R. 1184 (119th)Bill Overview

Stop CCP Land Act

Agriculture and Food|Agriculture and Food
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Feb 11, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Natural Resources, Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subse…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill conditions a State’s eligibility for specified federal program funds on the State having a law that bars agricultural land purchases by certain foreign countries and requires reporting by preexisting foreign landholders. It requires the USDA to report within one year on updating the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act, and the GAO to report within 90 days on national security impacts and measures to secure U.S. real estate. "Covered foreign country" is tied to the State Department Defense Trade Control Country Policies List and explicitly includes Russia.

Why people may split

National security and prevention of adversary land ownership vs civil-rights and nondiscrimination concerns

Watch point

Relatively narrow, security-framed measure could find support; coercive federalism and property concerns may produce bipartisan opposition.

This bill conditions a State’s eligibility for specified federal program funds on the State having a law that bars agricultural land purchases by certain foreign countries and requires reporting by preexisting foreign landholders.

It requires the USDA to report within one year on updating the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act, and the GAO to report within 90 days on national security impacts and measures to secure U.S. real estate. "Covered foreign country" is tied to the State Department Defense Trade Control Country Policies List and explicitly includes Russia.

The covered federal funds list is drawn from programs in Public Law 117–169.

Passage35/100

Content taps national security concerns but uses strong state coercion and faces Senate procedural and legal risk, lowering chances.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention70/100

National security and prevention of adversary land ownership vs civil-rights and nondiscrimination concerns

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
StatesFederal agencies · States

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • StatesReduces potential foreign state control of U.S. agricultural land by prohibiting purchases from designated countries.
  • Potential benefitIncreases transparency by requiring annual reporting and prompting an AFIDA update to better track foreign ownership.
  • StatesFrames agricultural land as a national security asset, prompting state actions to limit adversarial influence.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesStates that fail to enact required laws could lose access to multiple federal climate, energy, and agriculture programs.
  • Federal agenciesConditional funding may reduce nationwide program participation and slow implementation of federally funded projects.
  • StatesCreates new administrative and compliance costs for states and landowners to track and report holdings.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

National security and prevention of adversary land ownership vs civil-rights and nondiscrimination concerns
Progressive35%

Likely wary.

Supports protections for farmland and transparency but concerned about discrimination, civil liberties, and impacts on legitimate investors and communities.

Views the state-by-state coercion tied to many public programs as potentially harmful without strong safeguards.

Likely resistant
Centrist60%

Cautiously supportive of stronger oversight and national-security protections, but concerned about federal coercion and implementation complexity.

Sees value in updating AFIDA and GAO analysis.

Would favor clearer federal standards, phased implementation, and attention to unintended economic impacts.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Likely strongly supportive.

Views the bill as a needed national-security measure to prevent adversary countries from acquiring U.S. agricultural land.

Appreciates tying federal funds to state action and expanding scrutiny and reporting requirements.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Content taps national security concerns but uses strong state coercion and faces Senate procedural and legal risk, lowering chances.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Potential constitutional legal challenges to funding conditions
  • Which countries are practically treated as "covered" under State Dept list
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

National security and prevention of adversary land ownership vs civil-rights and nondiscrimination concerns

Content taps national security concerns but uses strong state coercion and faces Senate procedural and legal risk, lowering chances.

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for Stop CCP Land Act.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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