H.R. 1280 (119th)Bill Overview

DRAIN THE SWAMP Act

Government Operations and Politics|CommutingComputers and information technology
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Feb 13, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill requires heads of executive agencies to relocate at least 30% of headquarters employees to duty stations outside the Washington metropolitan area within one year, adjust their pay to the new locality, and end full-time telework for those moved. OMB must direct agencies to reduce headquarters real property by 30 percent and prioritize disposing of buildings and co-locating agencies.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize worker pay cuts and collective-bargaining supersession

Watch point

Simple-majority chamber could pass but faces unified opposition from federal employee stakeholders, legal concerns, and partisan framing.

The bill requires heads of executive agencies to relocate at least 30% of headquarters employees to duty stations outside the Washington metropolitan area within one year, adjust their pay to the new locality, and end full-time telework for those moved.

OMB must direct agencies to reduce headquarters real property by 30 percent and prioritize disposing of buildings and co-locating agencies.

Agencies must report counts and plans to Congress; the law bars relocation incentives, supersedes other laws and collective bargaining, and includes limited ADA and national-security exceptions.

Passage25/100

Broad, contentious mandate altering pay, telework, and bargaining rights with legal and implementation hurdles; may pass one chamber but unlikely to clear both.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention68/100

Progressives emphasize worker pay cuts and collective-bargaining supersession

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · Local governmentsLocal governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesReduces federal headquarters office footprint in Washington, D.C., lowering leased and owned real property needs.
  • Local governmentsShifts federal payroll and economic activity to non‑metropolitan regions, potentially creating local jobs.
  • Local governmentsMay lower pay locality rates for relocated employees, reducing federal salary expenses in aggregate.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCould cause employee attrition as some headquarters staff decline relocation or lose telework flexibility.
  • Local governmentsMay reduce employee pay for those moved to lower pay localities, harming retention and morale.
  • Potential burdenCould increase short‑term costs from relocation logistics, office build-out, and hiring.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize worker pay cuts and collective-bargaining supersession
Progressive25%

Likely opposed overall.

Supports decentralization in principle but objects to forced pay-locality cuts, telework bans, and the supersession of collective bargaining.

Concerned about worker protections, retention, and insufficient disability safeguards.

Likely resistant
Centrist55%

Mixed view.

Sees potential efficiency and regional-service gains but worries about rapid timelines, mission continuity, and workforce impacts.

Would seek phased implementation, cost-benefit analysis, and protections for mission-critical functions.

Split reaction
Conservative80%

Generally supportive.

Views decentralization, reduced DC headquarters footprint, and co-location as efficient and pro-taxpayer.

Appreciates limits on full-time telework and removal of relocation incentives.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Broad, contentious mandate altering pay, telework, and bargaining rights with legal and implementation hurdles; may pass one chamber but unlikely to clear both.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
86%
Complexityhigh
Why this could stall
  • No cost or budgetary estimate included
  • Legal risks around superseding collective bargaining and statutes
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize worker pay cuts and collective-bargaining supersession

Broad, contentious mandate altering pay, telework, and bargaining rights with legal and implementation hurdles; may pass one chamber but un…

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for DRAIN THE SWAMP Act.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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