H.R. 1338 (119th)Bill Overview

REPLACE Act

Emergency Management|Emergency Management
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Republican
Introduced
Feb 13, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Disaster Recovery Reform Act of 2018 to require the President to waive fees for replacing certain critical documents when a major disaster both is declared and the Individuals and Households Program (IHP) provides assistance. The waiver applies when the disaster destroyed the individual or household's critical document.

Why people may split

Fiscal cost and agency workload concerns versus humanitarian relief focus

Watch point

Narrow, sympathetic disaster relief tweak with minimal fiscal impact and low controversy, likely to attract bipartisan support.

This bill amends the Disaster Recovery Reform Act of 2018 to require the President to waive fees for replacing certain critical documents when a major disaster both is declared and the Individuals and Households Program (IHP) provides assistance.

The waiver applies when the disaster destroyed the individual or household's critical document.

The Department of State and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) must post waiver availability notices online, and both agencies must report annually to Congress the number and cost of waivers granted.

Passage65/100

Technocratic, popular-sounding disaster relief measure with limited costs; likely to pass if prioritized or attached to a broader package, but depends on legislative vehicle and scheduling.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention55/100

Fiscal cost and agency workload concerns versus humanitarian relief focus

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces out-of-pocket costs for disaster survivors needing replacement passports and immigration documents.
  • Potential benefitFacilitates faster recovery by removing financial barrier to obtaining essential identity documents.
  • Federal agenciesIncreases access to travel, employment verification, and federal benefits requiring ID.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesIncreases federal costs to State Department and USCIS to absorb waived fees.
  • Federal agenciesCould burden agency operations, causing longer processing times for other applicants.
  • Potential burdenCreates potential for fraudulent claims or eligibility disputes about disaster-related document loss.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Fiscal cost and agency workload concerns versus humanitarian relief focus
Progressive95%

Likely strongly supportive.

The bill reduces financial barriers for disaster survivors to replace IDs and immigration documents, aiding recovery and access to benefits.

Progressives would emphasize outreach to marginalized communities and ensuring the waiver covers noncitizens who need documentation.

Leans supportive
Centrist85%

Generally favorable but pragmatic.

The bill addresses a clear, narrow problem—costs of replacing critical documents after disasters—but requires clarity on fiscal impact and verification to avoid abuse.

A centrist would welcome reporting requirements and want careful implementation details.

Leans supportive
Conservative45%

Cautious to skeptical.

While sympathetic to disaster victims, this persona worries about added federal costs, administrative burden, and potential expansion of fee waivers to immigration processes.

They would seek tighter eligibility controls and cost containment.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood65/100

Technocratic, popular-sounding disaster relief measure with limited costs; likely to pass if prioritized or attached to a broader package, but depends on legislative vehicle and scheduling.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Exact list of 'critical documents' referenced is not in supplied text
  • No formal cost estimate or offset provided in bill text
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Fiscal cost and agency workload concerns versus humanitarian relief focus

Technocratic, popular-sounding disaster relief measure with limited costs; likely to pass if prioritized or attached to a broader package,…

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for REPLACE Act.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis