H.R. 1639 (119th)Bill Overview

BOAT Act

Crime and Law Enforcement|AbortionCivil actions and liability
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Feb 26, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill creates a new federal offense banning anyone from knowingly performing an abortion in the admiralty and maritime jurisdiction of the United States, punishable by fines and up to five years imprisonment. It creates limited exceptions for life-threatening physical conditions, rape (with timing and counseling/medical conditions), and rape/incest involving minors (with required prior reporting), bars criminal prosecution of the pregnant woman, and establishes civil causes of action with triple-cost statutory damages, punitive damages, and attorneys’ fees rules.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize access and chilling civil damages.

Watch point

High-salience abortion content raises controversy; geographically narrow scope and explicit exceptions improve some support, but polarization raises hurdles.

This bill creates a new federal offense banning anyone from knowingly performing an abortion in the admiralty and maritime jurisdiction of the United States, punishable by fines and up to five years imprisonment.

It creates limited exceptions for life-threatening physical conditions, rape (with timing and counseling/medical conditions), and rape/incest involving minors (with required prior reporting), bars criminal prosecution of the pregnant woman, and establishes civil causes of action with triple-cost statutory damages, punitive damages, and attorneys’ fees rules.

The bill inserts the new section into Title 18 and amends the table of sections accordingly.

Passage30/100

Short, targeted bill faces strong ideological opposition and legal risk; limited scope helps but not enough to overcome polarization and Senate hurdles.

CredibilityPartial

How solid the drafting looks.

Contention78/100

Progressives emphasize access and chilling civil damages.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesEstablishes a uniform federal prohibition on abortions performed within U.S. maritime jurisdiction.
  • Potential benefitImposes criminal penalties intended to deter providers from performing offshore abortions.
  • Potential benefitCreates civil remedies enabling monetary recovery for women and parents of minors.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCriminalizes medical providers performing abortions in maritime areas, risking imprisonment and fines.
  • Potential burdenIncreases civil litigation risk and potential financial exposure for providers and vessel operators.
  • Potential burdenCould reduce or restrict access to abortion services for people seeking offshore care.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize access and chilling civil damages.
Progressive10%

Likely strongly opposed.

The bill criminalizes abortion providers in federal maritime jurisdiction and creates civil penalties that could chill care.

The rape and minor exceptions are narrow and administratively burdensome, and the bill raises concerns about access, privacy, and reproductive autonomy.

Likely resistant
Centrist40%

Mixed reaction: supports protecting life in narrow circumstances but concerned about federal overreach, vagueness, and enforceability.

Would seek clarifications on maritime scope, the rape/medical-timing conditions, and the drafting oddity affecting parental civil suits.

Split reaction
Conservative80%

Generally supportive as a measure to prevent 'offshore abortion tourism' and protect fetal life in federal maritime areas.

Views criminal penalties and civil remedies as appropriate enforcement tools, though some may prefer stronger or broader application.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Short, targeted bill faces strong ideological opposition and legal risk; limited scope helps but not enough to overcome polarization and Senate hurdles.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No congressional cost estimate included
  • How maritime jurisdiction lines will be applied in practice
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize access and chilling civil damages.

Short, targeted bill faces strong ideological opposition and legal risk; limited scope helps but not enough to overcome polarization and Se…

Unlocked analysis

Pro readers get the full perspective split, passage barriers, legislative design review, stakeholder impact map, and lens-based policy tradeoff analysis for BOAT Act.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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