H.R. 180 (119th)Bill Overview

Endangered Species Transparency and Reasonableness Act of 2025

Environmental Protection|Administrative law and regulatory proceduresCivil actions and liability
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 3, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Subcommittee Hearings Held

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends the Endangered Species Act to require agencies to publish online the scientific and commercial data supporting listing rules, share that data with affected States before final listings, and explicitly treat State, Tribal, and county submissions as part of the “best scientific and commercial data available.” It also requires an annual, detailed report and a public, searchable database of federal expenditures related to ESA suits, and aligns fee-award procedures with existing federal statutes. Limited exceptions are provided for state-law-protected information and classified Department of Defense material.

Why people may split

Disclosure vs. protection of sensitive species location data

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory amendment to the Endangered Species Act that is comparatively specific about what must be published, who is responsible, and timelines, and that integrates with existing statutory provisions.

The bill amends the Endangered Species Act to require agencies to publish online the scientific and commercial data supporting listing rules, share that data with affected States before final listings, and explicitly treat State, Tribal, and county submissions as part of the “best scientific and commercial data available.” It also requires an annual, detailed report and a public, searchable database of federal expenditures related to ESA suits, and aligns fee-award procedures with existing federal statutes.

Limited exceptions are provided for state-law-protected information and classified Department of Defense material.

Agency heads must supply requested information and certain procedural adjustments to fee awards are specified.

Passage35/100

Narrow, administrative focus helps but subject touches contested policy and litigation incentives; Senate hurdles and stakeholder opposition lower odds.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory amendment to the Endangered Species Act that is comparatively specific about what must be published, who is responsible, and timelines, and that integrates with existing statutory provisions. It contains significant reporting and administrative elements as secondary features.

Contention68/100

Disclosure vs. protection of sensitive species location data

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governments · Federal agenciesFederal agencies · States

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases public transparency about the evidence underlying endangered or threatened species listings.
  • Local governmentsEncourages inclusion of State, Tribal, and local data, potentially improving the factual basis of listings.
  • Federal agenciesProvides Congress and the public a searchable database to monitor federal litigation costs and settlements.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesCompiling and publishing datasets and maintaining a monthly database will increase agency administrative costs and work…
  • StatesProviding all basis data to States before decisions may delay listing timelines and regulatory actions.
  • Potential burdenPublic disclosure risks revealing sensitive private, tribal, or proprietary information, potentially reducing cooperati…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Disclosure vs. protection of sensitive species location data
Progressive35%

Skeptical.

Appreciates transparency and inclusion of state and tribal data, but worries this bill could endanger species by forcing disclosure of sensitive location data and empower anti-conservation litigation.

Concerned about administrative burden and whether protections for sensitive biological or Tribal information are sufficient.

Likely resistant
Centrist60%

Cautiously supportive of increased transparency and state cooperation but attentive to implementation tradeoffs.

Sees value in a searchable litigation-expenditures database and clearer data flows to States, while wanting safeguards for sensitive information and fiscal/administrative feasibility.

Would favor modest adjustments to protect classified, personal, and ecologically sensitive data and ensure realistic deadlines and funding.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Favorable.

Endorses transparency, state involvement, and disclosure of federal litigation costs as checks on agency discretion.

Views the bill as restoring public access to the science behind listings and exposing litigation spending and fee awards.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Narrow, administrative focus helps but subject touches contested policy and litigation incentives; Senate hurdles and stakeholder opposition lower odds.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Absent formal cost estimate for database and reporting burdens
  • How environmental NGOs and scientific community will litigate or oppose
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Disclosure vs. protection of sensitive species location data

Narrow, administrative focus helps but subject touches contested policy and litigation incentives; Senate hurdles and stakeholder oppositio…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory amendment to the Endangered Species Act that is comparatively specific about what must be published, who is responsible, and timelines, and…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis