H.R. 2126 (119th)Bill Overview

FOCA Act of 2025

Government Operations and Politics|Government Operations and Politics
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 14, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill prohibits Federal agencies and recipients of Federal construction grants from requiring or forbidding contractors and subcontractors to enter or adhere to agreements with labor organizations for Federal and federally funded construction projects. It also forbids discrimination or preference based on a contractor’s or employee’s union affiliation, requires a Federal Acquisition Regulation revision within 60 days, provides limited exemptions for imminent threats to health, safety, or national security, and permits grandfathering for projects already under such agreements as of enactment.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize worker protections and apprenticeship losses

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear substantive policy change that establishes prohibitions preserving neutrality toward labor-affiliation requirements in federal and federally funded construction contracting, with accompanying definitions and a short FAR revision deadline.

The bill prohibits Federal agencies and recipients of Federal construction grants from requiring or forbidding contractors and subcontractors to enter or adhere to agreements with labor organizations for Federal and federally funded construction projects.

It also forbids discrimination or preference based on a contractor’s or employee’s union affiliation, requires a Federal Acquisition Regulation revision within 60 days, provides limited exemptions for imminent threats to health, safety, or national security, and permits grandfathering for projects already under such agreements as of enactment.

Agency heads must take appropriate action for noncompliance.

Passage35/100

Substantive but narrow procurement change with partisan implications; House passage plausible, Senate enactment and final enactment face substantial hurdles.

CredibilityMisaligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear substantive policy change that establishes prohibitions preserving neutrality toward labor-affiliation requirements in federal and federally funded construction contracting, with accompanying definitions and a short FAR revision deadline. It provides moderate specificity about the core prohibitions and some edge cases but offers limited implementation procedures, enforcement tools, fiscal acknowledgment, and oversight mechanisms.

Contention70/100

Progressives emphasize worker protections and apprenticeship losses

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesWorkers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesLikely increases the pool of eligible bidders for federal construction projects.
  • Potential benefitPotentially reduces construction procurement costs through increased competition among contractors.
  • Potential benefitMay expand contracting opportunities for small and disadvantaged businesses excluded by union-only requirements.
Likely burdened
  • WorkersCould weaken collective bargaining leverage and reduce prevalence of project labor agreements.
  • Potential burdenMay put downward pressure on wages, benefits, and prevailing-wage adherence on some projects.
  • Potential burdenMight reduce union-provided apprenticeship, safety training, and workforce development programs.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize worker protections and apprenticeship losses
Progressive15%

Likely to view the bill skeptically because it restricts project labor agreements (PLAs) and federal practices that often support union wages, benefits, and apprenticeships.

Sees the measure as shifting procurement policy away from labor standards toward broad bidder neutrality, potentially harming worker protections.

Some benefits like increased small-business access would be acknowledged but overshadowed by concerns about worker outcomes.

Likely resistant
Centrist50%

Likely to have a mixed view: supportive of increased competition and small-business access, but cautious about removing procurement tools that ensure trained labor and project quality.

Would seek empirical evidence that PLAs raise costs or harm competition before strong endorsement.

Prioritizes safeguards and oversight to prevent unintended effects.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Likely to view the bill favorably as restoring competition and preventing government favoritism toward labor organizations.

Sees the measure as protecting contractor freedom of association and reducing barriers for nonunion and small firms.

Appreciates the narrow exemptions for health, safety, and national security.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Substantive but narrow procurement change with partisan implications; House passage plausible, Senate enactment and final enactment face substantial hurdles.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or OMB/CBO score provided
  • Enforcement mechanisms are vague and fact-dependent
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize worker protections and apprenticeship losses

Substantive but narrow procurement change with partisan implications; House passage plausible, Senate enactment and final enactment face su…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear substantive policy change that establishes prohibitions preserving neutrality toward labor-affiliation requirements in federal and federally funded constru…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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