H.R. 2163 (119th)Bill Overview

No Penalties for Victims of Fraud Act

Taxation|Taxation
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Mar 14, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Amends IRC section 72(t) to waive the 10% early-withdrawal penalty for distributions from eligible retirement plans when an individual is designated a "victim of fraud." Claimants must apply, provide law enforcement or court documentation, and be designated by the Treasury Secretary. The bill allows repayment rules similar to an existing rollover provision, applies to post-enactment distributions, and requires Treasury guidance within 180 days plus a public awareness campaign.

Why people may split

Liberals emphasize victim relief and fairness benefits.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear, narrowly scoped substantive change to the Internal Revenue Code to waive early withdrawal penalties for qualifying victims of fraud and delegates implementation and procedural detail to the Secretary of the Treasury, while providing an explicit guidance deadline and outreach requirement.

Amends IRC section 72(t) to waive the 10% early-withdrawal penalty for distributions from eligible retirement plans when an individual is designated a "victim of fraud." Claimants must apply, provide law enforcement or court documentation, and be designated by the Treasury Secretary.

The bill allows repayment rules similar to an existing rollover provision, applies to post-enactment distributions, and requires Treasury guidance within 180 days plus a public awareness campaign.

Passage30/100

Technically modest, low-cost relief with safeguards makes it plausible; success depends on legislative timing and packaging.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear, narrowly scoped substantive change to the Internal Revenue Code to waive early withdrawal penalties for qualifying victims of fraud and delegates implementation and procedural detail to the Secretary of the Treasury, while providing an explicit guidance deadline and outreach requirement.

Contention52/100

Liberals emphasize victim relief and fairness benefits.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitEliminates the 10% early withdrawal penalty for qualifying victims of fraud.
  • Potential benefitReduces immediate tax-related financial burden on individuals who lost retirement funds to fraud.
  • Potential benefitAllows repayment or rollover options to help restore retirement account balances.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenRaises the risk of fraudulent or spurious claims seeking penalty waivers.
  • Potential burdenIncreases administrative burden on the IRS to review applications and designate victims.
  • Federal agenciesWaived penalties will reduce federal receipts, though the aggregate effect is uncertain.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize victim relief and fairness benefits.
Progressive90%

Likely supportive: views the bill as a targeted, compassionate fix protecting people harmed by fraud from additional tax penalties.

Sees it as correcting an unfair consequence of being victimized.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally favorable but pragmatic: supports targeted relief for demonstrable victims while wanting clear, administrable standards and minimal abuse.

Interested in administrative costs and verification procedures.

Leans supportive
Conservative35%

Skeptical: concerned about opening a carve-out that could be exploited and about added IRS discretion and administrative costs.

May accept only with tight safeguards.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Technically modest, low-cost relief with safeguards makes it plausible; success depends on legislative timing and packaging.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No official cost/revenue estimate included
  • How narrowly the Secretary will define 'victim of fraud'
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize victim relief and fairness benefits.

Technically modest, low-cost relief with safeguards makes it plausible; success depends on legislative timing and packaging.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear, narrowly scoped substantive change to the Internal Revenue Code to waive early withdrawal penalties for qualifying victims of fraud and delegates…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis