H.R. 2218 (119th)Bill Overview

Stop CARB Act of 2025

Environmental Protection|Environmental Protection
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 18, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Clean Air Act to remove California’s special waiver authority under section 209, repeal the section allowing other States to adopt California motor vehicle emission standards (section 177), and bar States from adopting certain nonroad engine and vehicle emission requirements. It declares prior and pending California waivers void, repeals several CARB-related statutory provisions, and makes conforming amendments to related Clean Air Act sections.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize environmental, public-health, and state-innovation losses.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly drafted substantive statutory rewrite: it uses precise amendatory language and numerous conforming edits to effect a broad policy change removing particular state authorities under the Clean Air Act.

This bill amends the Clean Air Act to remove California’s special waiver authority under section 209, repeal the section allowing other States to adopt California motor vehicle emission standards (section 177), and bar States from adopting certain nonroad engine and vehicle emission requirements.

It declares prior and pending California waivers void, repeals several CARB-related statutory provisions, and makes conforming amendments to related Clean Air Act sections.

The changes centralize vehicle and nonroad emissions standard authority at the federal level and eliminate the statutory pathway for States to follow California standards.

Passage20/100

Sweeping preemption of state environmental authority on a contentious issue has low passage probability without broad bipartisan support or reconciliation vehicle.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly drafted substantive statutory rewrite: it uses precise amendatory language and numerous conforming edits to effect a broad policy change removing particular state authorities under the Clean Air Act.

Contention78/100

Progressives emphasize environmental, public-health, and state-innovation losses.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
States · ManufacturersStates · Federal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • StatesCreates a single nationwide regulatory standard, reducing automaker compliance complexity across states.
  • ManufacturersLowers manufacturers' and fuel producers' costs by avoiding multiple, potentially stricter state-specific requirements.
  • StatesReduces regulatory burden for businesses operating in multiple states, simplifying product design and distribution.
Likely burdened
  • StatesRemoves a pathway states used to adopt stricter vehicle emissions, likely reducing overall emissions reductions ambitio…
  • Federal agenciesLimits state authority to set higher environmental protections, raising federalism and states' rights concerns.
  • Potential burdenMay slow adoption of zero-emission vehicle policies and related clean-technology investment and job growth.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize environmental, public-health, and state-innovation losses.
Progressive10%

Likely strongly critical.

They will view the bill as removing a key tool States use to pursue stronger climate and public health protections.

They will be concerned about higher emissions, rollback of progressive state policy innovation, and weakened environmental justice protections.

Likely resistant
Centrist35%

Mixed and cautious.

They will appreciate reduced multi-state regulatory fragmentation but worry about removing state flexibility and the timing of federal replacements.

Concerns include legal challenges, transitional costs for manufacturers, and potential environmental impacts if federal standards weaken.

Likely resistant
Conservative85%

Generally supportive.

They will view the bill as preventing California from imposing extra regulatory burdens nationwide and restoring national regulatory uniformity.

They will emphasize relief for manufacturers and protection against state-driven economic disruptions.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood20/100

Sweeping preemption of state environmental authority on a contentious issue has low passage probability without broad bipartisan support or reconciliation vehicle.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Absent congressional cost estimate or CBO score
  • Potential for extensive litigation challenging immediate repeal
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize environmental, public-health, and state-innovation losses.

Sweeping preemption of state environmental authority on a contentious issue has low passage probability without broad bipartisan support or…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly drafted substantive statutory rewrite: it uses precise amendatory language and numerous conforming edits to effect a broad policy change removing particu…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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