H.R. 2291 (119th)Bill Overview

GARD Act

Government Operations and Politics|Government Operations and Politics
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Mar 24, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Amends 5 U.S.C. 7342 to expand and standardize reporting of foreign gifts and decorations. Adds candidates for federal office to covered individuals, requires agencies to submit compiled listings to the Office of Government Ethics and State, mandates public access, adds tracking fields and a $200 late fee (waivable), and restricts acceptance of gifts from Secretary of State-designated "countries of concern." New reporting deadlines and additional disposition and valuation details are required.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize transparency and anti-foreign-influence gains.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a reasonably specific statutory amendment package that clearly identifies changes to reporting coverage, content, responsible entities, and timelines for foreign gift and decoration disclosures.

Amends 5 U.S.C. 7342 to expand and standardize reporting of foreign gifts and decorations.

Adds candidates for federal office to covered individuals, requires agencies to submit compiled listings to the Office of Government Ethics and State, mandates public access, adds tracking fields and a $200 late fee (waivable), and restricts acceptance of gifts from Secretary of State-designated "countries of concern." New reporting deadlines and additional disposition and valuation details are required.

Passage40/100

Low fiscal burden and technical focus help, but candidate-facing disclosures, potential institutional pushback, and Senate consensus needs reduce chances.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a reasonably specific statutory amendment package that clearly identifies changes to reporting coverage, content, responsible entities, and timelines for foreign gift and decoration disclosures. It includes several concrete operational elements (data fields, PPM identifiers, filing deadlines, late fee and waiver, public access deadline).

Contention65/100

Progressives emphasize transparency and anti-foreign-influence gains.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
StatesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases transparency by making foreign gift records available publicly in a searchable manner.
  • StatesImproves government oversight by consolidating listings at the Office of Government Ethics and State.
  • Potential benefitAids detection of possible foreign influence through more detailed reporting and inventory tracking numbers.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesIncreases administrative burden and compliance costs for federal agencies and their ethics offices.
  • Potential burdenPublic disclosure of gift details may raise privacy or security concerns for individuals and gift donors.
  • Potential burdenRequires agencies to meet a 120‑day public access deadline, potentially straining IT resources and budgets.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize transparency and anti-foreign-influence gains.
Progressive85%

Likely supportive overall: the bill closes reporting gaps, increases transparency, and targets foreign influence by expanding coverage to candidates and non-U.S. donors.

Concerns would focus on ensuring strong implementation, clear definitions, and stringent enforcement.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Moderately favorable: supports transparency and updating reporting systems but wants clarity on administrative costs, deadlines, and operational burden for agencies and candidates.

Seeks pragmatic fixes to ambiguous terms before full endorsement.

Split reaction
Conservative30%

Skeptical overall: while approving of anti-foreign-influence aims, wary of expanded federal reporting, public disclosure of personal items, and added burdens on candidates and employees.

Concerned the State Secretary list and public posting enable politicized targeting.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Low fiscal burden and technical focus help, but candidate-facing disclosures, potential institutional pushback, and Senate consensus needs reduce chances.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Absent cost estimate for system changes and staff workload
  • How 'country of concern' will be defined and politically used
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize transparency and anti-foreign-influence gains.

Low fiscal burden and technical focus help, but candidate-facing disclosures, potential institutional pushback, and Senate consensus needs…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a reasonably specific statutory amendment package that clearly identifies changes to reporting coverage, content, responsible entities, and timelines for foreign g…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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