H.R. 2356 (119th)Bill Overview

Dual Loyalty Disclosure Act

Government Operations and Politics|Government Operations and Politics
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 26, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on House Administration.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Federal Election Campaign Act to require that a candidate’s statement of candidacy disclose whether the candidate holds citizenship of any country other than the United States. If the candidate is a citizen of another country, the statement must identify that other country.

Why people may split

Liberals emphasize privacy and anti-discrimination concerns.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive change that directly amends the Federal Election Campaign Act to add a single disclosure requirement for candidates regarding non-U.S. citizenship.

This bill amends the Federal Election Campaign Act to require that a candidate’s statement of candidacy disclose whether the candidate holds citizenship of any country other than the United States.

If the candidate is a citizen of another country, the statement must identify that other country.

The amendment takes effect on enactment and applies to the principal campaign committee designation under FECA.

Passage35/100

Low-cost, narrow bill with political sensitivity; possible House approval but significant Senate and legal obstacles reduce overall odds.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive change that directly amends the Federal Election Campaign Act to add a single disclosure requirement for candidates regarding non-U.S. citizenship.

Contention68/100

Liberals emphasize privacy and anti-discrimination concerns.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesProvides voters with explicit disclosure of any non-U.S. citizenship for federal candidates on official filings.
  • Potential benefitAids national security and conflict-of-interest assessments by making foreign citizenship information readily available.
  • Federal agenciesFacilitates media and agency background checks through standardized candidate citizenship reporting.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMandated disclosure can invade personal privacy and expose candidates to harassment or doxxing.
  • Federal agenciesCould deter dual citizens or recent naturalized citizens from seeking federal office.
  • Potential burdenMay enable discriminatory targeting or negative campaigning based on candidates' foreign origins.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize privacy and anti-discrimination concerns.
Progressive25%

Likely skeptical or opposed; views dual citizenship disclosure as a privacy and civil-rights concern.

Would worry the law stigmatizes immigrants and could be used to target minority candidates.

Likely resistant
Centrist50%

Ambivalent: values transparency but worries about privacy, implementation, and legal risks.

Would weigh the straightforward disclosure benefit against possible chilling effects and constitutional questions.

Split reaction
Conservative80%

Likely supportive; sees the bill as a reasonable transparency and national-security measure.

Views disclosure as important to assess candidate allegiances and foreign influence risks.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Low-cost, narrow bill with political sensitivity; possible House approval but significant Senate and legal obstacles reduce overall odds.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Potential constitutional challenges (privacy, equal protection)
  • How the FEC would implement and enforce the new disclosure
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize privacy and anti-discrimination concerns.

Low-cost, narrow bill with political sensitivity; possible House approval but significant Senate and legal obstacles reduce overall odds.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped substantive change that directly amends the Federal Election Campaign Act to add a single disclosure requirement for candidates regarding non-U.S…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis