H.R. 2373 (119th)Bill Overview

Increased Accountability for Nonconsensual Pornography Act of 2025

Crime and Law Enforcement|Crime and Law Enforcement
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 26, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Section 1309 of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022, which creates a civil cause of action for disclosure of intimate images. It broadens covered material to expressly include an "identifiable individual engaging in sexually explicit conduct" and edits language concerning competency/consent.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize victim protections and deterrence

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused substantive amendment to existing civil remedy statute for disclosure of intimate images, proposing expanded covered conduct/persons and a larger statutory damages cap.

This bill amends Section 1309 of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022, which creates a civil cause of action for disclosure of intimate images.

It broadens covered material to expressly include an "identifiable individual engaging in sexually explicit conduct" and edits language concerning competency/consent.

The bill also increases the statutory damages figure in subsection (b)(3)(A)(i) from $150,000 to $500,000.

Passage40/100

Narrow, administrable change with low fiscal cost improves privacy remedies, but possible First Amendment challenges and platform-industry opposition lower prospects.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused substantive amendment to existing civil remedy statute for disclosure of intimate images, proposing expanded covered conduct/persons and a larger statutory damages cap.

Contention67/100

Progressives emphasize victim protections and deterrence

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitRaising the statutory damage amount to $500,000 increases potential compensation available to victims.
  • Potential benefitExpanded coverage to identifiable individuals engaging in sexually explicit conduct protects more categories of images.
  • Potential benefitAdded descriptive language may reduce ambiguity about which disclosures are actionable in civil court.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenLarger statutory damages could increase litigation frequency and raise defense costs for accused individuals.
  • Potential burdenBroader or newly worded definitions risk vagueness and could produce uncertain enforcement outcomes.
  • Potential burdenOnline platforms and intermediaries may face increased compliance and moderation costs to limit legal exposure.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize victim protections and deterrence
Progressive90%

Likely to view the bill positively as strengthening legal accountability for victims of nonconsensual intimate-image disclosures.

Sees expansion of covered material and higher damages as deterrents and greater remedies for harm.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Supportive but cautious: approves strengthening victims' remedies while wanting narrow, constitutionally sound definitions and calibrated damages.

Concerned about unintended legal or fiscal consequences.

Split reaction
Conservative30%

Skeptical: acknowledges victim protection goals but worries about federal expansion of civil liability, large statutory damages, and possible free-speech or due-process problems.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Narrow, administrable change with low fiscal cost improves privacy remedies, but possible First Amendment challenges and platform-industry opposition lower prospects.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • How courts would interpret added phrasing and scope
  • Interaction with intermediary immunity (e.g., platform liability)
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize victim protections and deterrence

Narrow, administrable change with low fiscal cost improves privacy remedies, but possible First Amendment challenges and platform-industry…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused substantive amendment to existing civil remedy statute for disclosure of intimate images, proposing expanded covered conduct/persons and a larger statuto…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis