H.R. 2403 (119th)Bill Overview

TELL Act

Commerce|Commerce
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Mar 27, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Requires websites and mobile apps that store user-collected information in the People’s Republic of China to disclose that fact to users and state whether the Chinese Communist Party or a Chinese state-owned entity has access to the information. Makes knowingly providing false disclosures unlawful.

Why people may split

Liberals stress privacy safeguards and anti-stigmatization protections

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates a clear, narrow substantive obligation and links enforcement to the FTC, giving a basic legal mechanism for compliance and penalties.

Requires websites and mobile apps that store user-collected information in the People’s Republic of China to disclose that fact to users and state whether the Chinese Communist Party or a Chinese state-owned entity has access to the information.

Makes knowingly providing false disclosures unlawful.

Treats violations as unfair or deceptive acts enforceable by the Federal Trade Commission under its existing authorities.

Passage40/100

Relatively narrow and administrable but geopolitically focused, invites industry resistance and possible legal challenges, making enactment plausible but uncertain.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates a clear, narrow substantive obligation and links enforcement to the FTC, giving a basic legal mechanism for compliance and penalties. However, it lacks definitional precision, implementation procedures, timelines, and fiscal acknowledgment, so its operational detail is only partially proportionate to its aims.

Contention45/100

Liberals stress privacy safeguards and anti-stigmatization protections

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
ConsumersDevelopers · States

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • ConsumersIncreases consumer knowledge so users can make informed choices about apps and websites.
  • Potential benefitMay reduce U.S. user data stored in China by encouraging firms to relocate or avoid Chinese storage.
  • Potential benefitStrengthens contractual and data governance scrutiny between firms and foreign cloud providers.
Likely burdened
  • DevelopersImposes compliance costs on website and app operators, disproportionately burdening small developers.
  • StatesThe phrase about CCP or state‑owned access is vague, creating legal and factual uncertainty.
  • Potential burdenSome firms may block or discontinue U.S. service rather than incur compliance burdens.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals stress privacy safeguards and anti-stigmatization protections
Progressive80%

Likely supportive of transparency about foreign data storage and potential authoritarian access.

Would view the bill as a useful consumer-rights and human-rights disclosure, while wanting stronger privacy protections and safeguards against stigmatization of individuals or businesses.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Generally favorable to basic disclosure requirements that improve consumer information and national security awareness.

Concerned about vague terms, administrative burdens, cross-border trade consequences, and transferring broad enforcement power to the FTC without clarity.

Split reaction
Conservative70%

Likely supportive of measures exposing potential CCP access to U.S. persons' data given national security concerns.

Simultaneously skeptical of expanding FTC regulatory authority and may prefer stronger, targeted national-security remedies over consumer-disclosure alone.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Relatively narrow and administrable but geopolitically focused, invites industry resistance and possible legal challenges, making enactment plausible but uncertain.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Vague statutory definitions ("stores and maintains") and coverage thresholds
  • Practical ability of companies to determine CCP or state access
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals stress privacy safeguards and anti-stigmatization protections

Relatively narrow and administrable but geopolitically focused, invites industry resistance and possible legal challenges, making enactment…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates a clear, narrow substantive obligation and links enforcement to the FTC, giving a basic legal mechanism for compliance and penalties. However, it lacks defini…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis