H.R. 2405 (119th)Bill Overview

The White Oak Resilience Act

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Advisory bodiesAgricultural education
Sponsor
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Mar 27, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by Unanimous Consent.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

The White Oak Resilience Act directs the Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior to coordinate and carry out a suite of voluntary programs, pilot projects, assessments, and research to restore, regenerate, and improve white oak and upland oak habitat across federal, state, Tribal, and private lands.

Major elements include establishing a White Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition, Forest Service and Interior pilot projects, a non‑regulatory White Oak and Upland Oak Habitat Regeneration Program with grants administered via the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, a national tree‑nursery capacity strategy, research partnerships (including Tribal and land‑grant colleges), and a USDA initiative through NRCS and the Forest Service.

Many authorities are limited to seven years, funding is generally subject to appropriations or availability, and the bill promotes cooperative agreements and use of existing authorities (e.g., stewardship contracting and Good Neighbor agreements).

Passage60/100

Targeted, technical conservation legislation with voluntary approach and sunsets fits patterns of bills that clear Congress when given bipartisan support and modest funding.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill constructs a moderately detailed statutory framework to promote white oak restoration through interagency coordination, pilots, a grant program administered via NFWF, research authorities, and a nursery capacity strategy. It sets responsible entities, some deadlines, and sunsets, and ties activities to existing authorities.

Contention52/100

Funding certainty: left wants firm appropriations; right worries about new spending.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
CitiesFederal agencies
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersMay create restoration, nursery, and monitoring jobs related to pilots and grant projects.
  • Targeted stakeholdersLikely improves white oak and upland oak habitat and associated wildlife habitat quality.
  • CitiesA national nursery strategy could increase seedling supply and regional reforestation capacity.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesImplements new federal activities that will require appropriations and administrative funding.
  • Federal agenciesMay duplicate or overlap with existing Federal, State, or private reforestation programs.
  • Targeted stakeholdersCooperative projects and coordination could complicate private landowner decisionmaking across property boundaries.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Funding certainty: left wants firm appropriations; right worries about new spending.
Progressive80%

Generally supportive because the bill prioritizes habitat restoration, scientific research, Tribal collaboration, and climate‑resilience planning for native tree species.

Would likely press for stronger, guaranteed funding, long‑term commitments, and equity in implementation for Tribal and underserved communities.

Some concern that voluntary and short‑term measures may be insufficient for long‑term ecosystem recovery.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Cautiously favorable: bill uses familiar, non‑regulatory tools, pilot projects, and public–private partnerships to address an ecological problem.

Sees value in measurable pilots and use of existing authorities, but will look for clear metrics, cost estimates, and sunset evaluation provisions.

Prefers accountability and cost‑effectiveness.

Split reaction
Conservative35%

Skeptical but not uniformly opposed: bill favors voluntary, cooperative approaches and state/Tribal engagement, which align with limited federal coercion.

Main worries are potential new federal spending, bureaucratic growth, and possible land‑use implications.

May support only with strict limits on mandates and spending.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood60/100

Targeted, technical conservation legislation with voluntary approach and sunsets fits patterns of bills that clear Congress when given bipartisan support and modest funding.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Level and timing of appropriations available
  • Absent formal cost estimate or CBO score
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Funding certainty: left wants firm appropriations; right worries about new spending.

Targeted, technical conservation legislation with voluntary approach and sunsets fits patterns of bills that clear Congress when given bipa…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill constructs a moderately detailed statutory framework to promote white oak restoration through interagency coordination, pilots, a grant program administered via NFWF,…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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