H.R. 2724 (119th)Bill Overview

Protecting Our Supreme Court Justices Act of 2025

Law|Law
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Apr 8, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends 18 U.S.C. 1507 by increasing the maximum criminal penalty for obstruction by picketing or parading in or near courthouses or the residences of judges, jurors, witnesses, or other court officers from one year to five years. The text only replaces the term "one year" with "5 years" in the statute's penalty provision and does not change other elements of the offense.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize free-speech chill and disproportionate punishment

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly targeted substantive change that clearly and specifically amends a single criminal statute to increase the maximum imprisonment term.

This bill amends 18 U.S.C. 1507 by increasing the maximum criminal penalty for obstruction by picketing or parading in or near courthouses or the residences of judges, jurors, witnesses, or other court officers from one year to five years.

The text only replaces the term "one year" with "5 years" in the statute's penalty provision and does not change other elements of the offense.

Passage40/100

Very narrow and administrable, but raises constitutional and civil-liberties questions and lacks compromise features, reducing broad support.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly targeted substantive change that clearly and specifically amends a single criminal statute to increase the maximum imprisonment term. The drafting is precise about the textual substitution and the effected provision.

Contention58/100

Progressives emphasize free-speech chill and disproportionate punishment

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitCould reduce the frequency of organized harassment campaigns targeting court officials.
  • Potential benefitCreates a stronger deterrent against intimidation or harassment of judges and court officers.
  • Potential benefitMay improve perceived physical safety for justices, judges, and related court personnel.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMay chill lawful protest and expressive activity near courthouses and residential areas.
  • Federal agenciesExpands federal criminal penalties, potentially increasing federal prosecutions and court caseloads.
  • Potential burdenRaises incarceration and enforcement costs tied to longer possible sentences.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize free-speech chill and disproportionate punishment
Progressive30%

Likely skeptical.

Supporters of civil liberties would acknowledge the safety rationale but worry the five-year maximum substantially raises criminal exposure for protesters.

They will note the bill only changes penalty length, not mens rea or conduct definitions, increasing risk of chilling lawful protest.

Likely resistant
Centrist60%

Cautiously supportive of strengthening protections for judicial safety but concerned about proportionality and vagueness.

Would favor safeguards—an intent requirement, prosecutorial guidance, or sentencing limits—to avoid chilling legitimate demonstrations.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Generally favorable.

Mainstream conservatives will emphasize protecting judges and deterring intimidation, viewing a stiffer penalty as an appropriate tool to uphold law and order.

They may accept narrow clarifications to protect bona fide peaceful protest but largely support the increased maximum.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Very narrow and administrable, but raises constitutional and civil-liberties questions and lacks compromise features, reducing broad support.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether DOJ supports higher penalties
  • Judicial/constitutional challenges under First Amendment
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize free-speech chill and disproportionate punishment

Very narrow and administrable, but raises constitutional and civil-liberties questions and lacks compromise features, reducing broad suppor…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly targeted substantive change that clearly and specifically amends a single criminal statute to increase the maximum imprisonment term. The drafting is pr…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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