H.R. 281 (119th)Bill Overview

Grizzly Bear State Management Act

Environmental Protection|Administrative law and regulatory proceduresDepartment of the Interior
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 9, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 281.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Directs the Secretary of the Interior to reissue, within 180 days, the June 30, 2017 final rule removing the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem grizzly population from the Federal endangered and threatened species list. The bill requires reissuance “without regard to any other provision of law” and makes that reissuance immune from judicial review.

Why people may split

Liberal: law undermines ESA and removes judicial oversight

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory directive to the Secretary of the Interior to reissue a specific prior final rule (removing the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem grizzly population from the Federal list), with a firm deadline and express removal of ordinary legal constraints (disregard of other laws and barring judicial review).

Directs the Secretary of the Interior to reissue, within 180 days, the June 30, 2017 final rule removing the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem grizzly population from the Federal endangered and threatened species list.

The bill requires reissuance “without regard to any other provision of law” and makes that reissuance immune from judicial review.

Passage30/100

Narrow but contentious policy with strong opposition potential and significant Senate procedural hurdles; low-to-moderate chance overall.

CredibilityMisaligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory directive to the Secretary of the Interior to reissue a specific prior final rule (removing the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem grizzly population from the Federal list), with a firm deadline and express removal of ordinary legal constraints (disregard of other laws and barring judicial review).

Contention75/100

Liberal: law undermines ESA and removes judicial oversight

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
States · DevelopersFederal agencies · States

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • StatesRestores state management authority over the Greater Yellowstone grizzly population, allowing state-specific regulation…
  • DevelopersReduces federal permitting and regulatory constraints for landowners and resource developers in the grizzly range.
  • Federal agenciesPotentially lowers federal expenditures on active grizzly recovery programs and ESA compliance.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenRemoves ESA protections that critics say could increase grizzly mortality and long-term population risk.
  • Federal agenciesProhibits judicial review, eliminating a common legal check on agency decisionmaking and rule implementation.
  • StatesCould increase lethal management and hunting under state rules, raising human-wildlife conflict concerns.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberal: law undermines ESA and removes judicial oversight
Progressive5%

Likely strongly opposed.

This persona would see the bill as circumventing the Endangered Species Act’s procedures and removing federal safeguards for a recovering but still-vulnerable population.

The prohibition on judicial review is viewed as a serious removal of accountability.

Likely resistant
Centrist50%

Mixed/uneasy.

This persona recognizes arguments for returning management to states if biological recovery is demonstrated, but is troubled that the bill bypasses standard legal and procedural safeguards.

Would seek specific monitoring, funding, and clear relisting triggers as conditions.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Likely broadly supportive.

This persona views the bill as restoring state management, reducing federal overreach, and providing finality to a delisting decision.

The bar on judicial review is seen as preventing litigation delays and giving states clear authority to manage human-bear conflicts.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Narrow but contentious policy with strong opposition potential and significant Senate procedural hurdles; low-to-moderate chance overall.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Intensity of conservation stakeholder opposition
  • Extent of state management readiness and plans
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberal: law undermines ESA and removes judicial oversight

Narrow but contentious policy with strong opposition potential and significant Senate procedural hurdles; low-to-moderate chance overall.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory directive to the Secretary of the Interior to reissue a specific prior final rule (removing the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem grizzly populatio…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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