H.R. 2823 (119th)Bill Overview

Climate Change Financial Risk Act of 2025

Finance and Financial Sector|Finance and Financial Sector
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Apr 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case f…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Requires the Federal Reserve to develop three climate-change risk scenarios, create a technical advisory group, and coordinate with federal climate science leads. Mandates biennial climate-focused stress analyses for very large bank and nonbank financial firms, requires climate risk resolution plans, and bars capital distributions for entities with unacceptable plans.

Why people may split

Appropriate role of the Federal Reserve in climate policy versus mission limits.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes clear substantive legal obligations and amendments to existing supervisory law, with substantial specificity on scenarios, governance, and reporting.

Requires the Federal Reserve to develop three climate-change risk scenarios, create a technical advisory group, and coordinate with federal climate science leads.

Mandates biennial climate-focused stress analyses for very large bank and nonbank financial firms, requires climate risk resolution plans, and bars capital distributions for entities with unacceptable plans.

Directs surveys of $10 billion+ supervised firms to assess vulnerabilities and adaptation plans, and requires public reporting of aggregated results while protecting individual respondent identities.

Passage30/100

Technocratic approach improves acceptability, but high controversy over climate mandates and increased Fed authority reduces overall chances.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes clear substantive legal obligations and amendments to existing supervisory law, with substantial specificity on scenarios, governance, and reporting. It meaningfully integrates with existing statutory text and supervisory frameworks while delegating technical implementation to the Board and designated climate science leads.

Contention70/100

Appropriate role of the Federal Reserve in climate policy versus mission limits.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedCities · Federal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitImproves visibility of climate-related capital shortfalls at largest financial firms.
  • Potential benefitIncreases public transparency through published scenario summaries and survey reports.
  • Potential benefitEncourages banks to incorporate climate risks into capital planning and risk management.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenImposes additional compliance, reporting, and modeling costs on very large financial firms.
  • CitiesAllows the Board to restrict capital distributions, potentially affecting shareholders and lending capacity.
  • Federal agenciesExpands Federal Reserve supervisory reach over designated nonbank financial companies and business planning.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Appropriate role of the Federal Reserve in climate policy versus mission limits.
Progressive85%

Likely supportive because the bill integrates climate science into financial regulation and forces large firms to plan for climate risks.

Views the measures as necessary to protect economic stability and vulnerable communities from climate-driven losses, though may want stronger safeguards for equity and faster timelines.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Cautiously favorable: appreciates data-driven risk assessment and Fed coordination with science agencies.

Wants clear cost estimates, measured implementation, and legal clarity on Fed authority; supportive if the program remains transparent and proportionate.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Likely skeptical or opposed: sees the bill as an expansion of Fed regulatory authority into industrial policy.

Concerns focus on regulatory burden, mission creep, and politicization of risk assessment that could hurt energy and asset-intensive sectors.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Technocratic approach improves acceptability, but high controversy over climate mandates and increased Fed authority reduces overall chances.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Absent cost estimates for Fed implementation and industry compliance
  • How large financial firms and trade groups will lobby
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Appropriate role of the Federal Reserve in climate policy versus mission limits.

Technocratic approach improves acceptability, but high controversy over climate mandates and increased Fed authority reduces overall chance…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes clear substantive legal obligations and amendments to existing supervisory law, with substantial specificity on scenarios, governance, and reporting. It m…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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