H.R. 2836 (119th)Bill Overview

FEMA Loan Interest Payment Relief Act

Emergency Management|Emergency Management
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Republican
Introduced
Apr 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill adds a new section to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act authorizing FEMA to reimburse local governments and electric cooperatives for qualifying interest on loans used for FEMA-eligible public assistance.

Why people may split

Funding and fiscal offsets versus new federal spending obligations

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates a clear, narrowly tailored substantive change to the Stafford Act by adding authority for FEMA to reimburse qualifying interest for local governments and electric cooperatives, with defined eligibility and short administrative deadlines.

This bill adds a new section to the Robert T.

Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act authorizing FEMA to reimburse local governments and electric cooperatives for qualifying interest on loans used for FEMA-eligible public assistance.

It defines qualifying interest (the lesser of actual interest paid or interest at the prime rate) and qualifying loans (≥90% of proceeds used for covered activities).

Passage45/100

Substantive, narrowly tailored disaster aid often passes, but retroactive reimbursements and unspecified appropriations reduce near-term prospects.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates a clear, narrowly tailored substantive change to the Stafford Act by adding authority for FEMA to reimburse qualifying interest for local governments and electric cooperatives, with defined eligibility and short administrative deadlines.

Contention60/100

Funding and fiscal offsets versus new federal spending obligations

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governmentsFederal agencies · States

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Local governmentsReduces net borrowing costs for local governments and electric cooperatives recovering from disasters.
  • Potential benefitImproves cash flow and accelerates repair and rebuilding of public infrastructure and services.
  • Local governmentsMay preserve or restore local construction and utility-sector jobs by enabling faster project starts.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesCreates new federal spending pressure requiring appropriations to fund reimbursements.
  • Potential burdenCould encourage reliance on short-term borrowing rather than seeking alternative financing or reserves.
  • StatesImposes administrative burden on FEMA and state applicants to document qualifying loans and interest.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Funding and fiscal offsets versus new federal spending obligations
Progressive80%

Likely broadly supportive because the bill reduces financing costs for local governments and rural electric cooperatives recovering from disasters.

It is seen as strengthening recovery capacity and easing budget pressures on cash-strapped jurisdictions.

Advocates would want stronger equity protections and reporting to ensure benefits reach disadvantaged communities.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Likely cautiously favorable as a targeted, practical measure to aid disaster recovery financing.

The bill contains workable definitions and timelines, but lacks cost estimates and implementation detail.

Centrists would seek offsets, oversight, and clear administrative procedures to limit waste and ensure timely payouts.

Leans supportive
Conservative35%

Likely skeptical because it expands FEMA reimbursement authority and creates new federal spending obligations.

Some conservatives may favor relief for rural electric cooperatives and local governments, but many will object to open-ended costs, retroactive relief, and precedent for further federal backstops.

Support would depend on offsets and tightened eligibility.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Substantive, narrowly tailored disaster aid often passes, but retroactive reimbursements and unspecified appropriations reduce near-term prospects.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate included in text
  • Will Congress appropriate funds to implement reimbursements
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Funding and fiscal offsets versus new federal spending obligations

Substantive, narrowly tailored disaster aid often passes, but retroactive reimbursements and unspecified appropriations reduce near-term pr…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates a clear, narrowly tailored substantive change to the Stafford Act by adding authority for FEMA to reimburse qualifying interest for local governments and elec…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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