H.R. 2849 (119th)Bill Overview

West Coast Ocean Protection Act of 2025

Energy|Energy
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Apr 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act to add a permanent prohibition on issuing leases or any authorizations for exploration, development, or production of oil or natural gas in the Outer Continental Shelf planning areas off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California. The prohibition applies to the Washington/Oregon, Northern California, Central California, and Southern California planning areas as depicted in BOEM’s 2024–2029 Proposed Final Program.

Why people may split

Environmental protection versus energy security and fossil-industry jobs

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear and narrowly focused substantive policy change that uses a direct statutory prohibition to prevent future oil and gas leasing in specified outer Continental Shelf planning areas.

This bill amends the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act to add a permanent prohibition on issuing leases or any authorizations for exploration, development, or production of oil or natural gas in the Outer Continental Shelf planning areas off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California.

The prohibition applies to the Washington/Oregon, Northern California, Central California, and Southern California planning areas as depicted in BOEM’s 2024–2029 Proposed Final Program.

The text uses "notwithstanding any other provision" language to make the ban authoritative and permanent for those planning areas.

Passage25/100

A permanent, ideologically salient ban with clear industry opposition, modest fiscal impacts, and no compromise features faces notable legislative and procedural resistance.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear and narrowly focused substantive policy change that uses a direct statutory prohibition to prevent future oil and gas leasing in specified outer Continental Shelf planning areas.

Contention72/100

Environmental protection versus energy security and fossil-industry jobs

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces future oil spill risk along the West Coast by blocking new offshore development authorizations.
  • Potential benefitProtects marine ecosystems and habitat from new drilling and production impacts.
  • Potential benefitSupports coastal tourism and fisheries by avoiding industrial development nearshore.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesForegoes potential federal lease revenue that might have been generated from those planning areas.
  • Potential burdenCould reduce prospective oil and gas sector jobs and related supply-chain employment in affected regions.
  • Potential burdenMay increase reliance on other domestic or foreign energy sources, depending on market responses.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Environmental protection versus energy security and fossil-industry jobs
Progressive95%

Strongly supportive: views the bill as a durable legal block to new offshore fossil fuel extraction protecting marine ecosystems, coastal communities, and climate goals.

Would welcome permanence and federal alignment with West Coast state policies.

May press for complementary policies for workers and renewable investment, as the bill itself contains none.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Generally cautiously supportive: appreciates coastal protections and regulatory certainty but concerned about energy security, fiscal effects, and economic impacts.

Would favor accompanying analysis on revenue, energy supply, and transition assistance before full endorsement.

Sees value in a predictable federal stance but wants tradeoffs addressed.

Split reaction
Conservative10%

Likely opposed: views the bill as unnecessary federal overreach that limits domestic energy production, reduces economic opportunity, and forfeits federal revenue.

Concerns include job losses in energy supply chains and potential harms to energy affordability and national energy security.

Would prefer market-based or state-driven decisions instead.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

A permanent, ideologically salient ban with clear industry opposition, modest fiscal impacts, and no compromise features faces notable legislative and procedural resistance.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No CBO cost/revenue estimate included
  • Risk of litigation over statutory scope or map references
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Environmental protection versus energy security and fossil-industry jobs

A permanent, ideologically salient ban with clear industry opposition, modest fiscal impacts, and no compromise features faces notable legi…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear and narrowly focused substantive policy change that uses a direct statutory prohibition to prevent future oil and gas leasing in specified outer Continenta…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis