H.R. 3074 (119th)Bill Overview

Common Cents Act

Finance and Financial Sector|Consumer affairsCurrency
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Apr 29, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 192.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends 31 U.S.C. 5112 to revise specifications for the 5-cent coin, authorize alternate zinc-nickel compositions to reduce production cost, and require the Secretary of the Treasury to cease producing one-cent coins for general circulation (while allowing numismatic sales). It preserves existing pennies as legal tender.

Why people may split

Progressive worried rounding will harm low-income cash users

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive amendment to coinage law that clearly mandates cessation of general-circulation one-cent minting and authorizes specific composition options for the 5-cent coin, but it provides limited implementation scaffolding beyond the statutory commands.

The bill amends 31 U.S.C. 5112 to revise specifications for the 5-cent coin, authorize alternate zinc-nickel compositions to reduce production cost, and require the Secretary of the Treasury to cease producing one-cent coins for general circulation (while allowing numismatic sales).

It preserves existing pennies as legal tender.

The bill text does not itself include a statutory rule requiring cash transactions to be rounded to five-cent increments, despite that policy being described in the bill title/context.

Passage40/100

Content is a low-cost administrative tweak that often attracts bipartisan votes, but symbolic resistance and procedural hurdles in the Senate lower probability.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive amendment to coinage law that clearly mandates cessation of general-circulation one-cent minting and authorizes specific composition options for the 5-cent coin, but it provides limited implementation scaffolding beyond the statutory commands.

Contention35/100

Progressive worried rounding will harm low-income cash users

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLocal governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces annual minting costs by eliminating penny production and optimizing nickel composition.
  • Potential benefitLowers material and energy use from producing fewer copper-zinc pennies, reducing environmental footprint.
  • Potential benefitSimplifies cash transactions and cash handling by rounding to five-cent increments.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenRounding cash transactions may disadvantage low-income households relying primarily on cash.
  • Local governmentsBusinesses and municipalities may incur costs updating point-of-sale systems and coin-operated machines.
  • Potential burdenRounding rules could produce a small net upward price effect if rounding skews upward.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressive worried rounding will harm low-income cash users
Progressive75%

Likely supportive of ending routine penny production as wasteful and regressive.

Concerned about the real-world effects of any rounding policy absent consumer protections and wants explicit safeguards for low-income cash users.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Generally favorable as a practical, cost-saving modernization while wanting careful implementation.

Will insist on studies, clear rules, and a phased transition to avoid disruption and hidden costs.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Likely supportive of ending penny production as reducing wasteful government spending.

Opposed to heavy-handed mandates on pricing or forced rounding; prefers limited, market-based implementation.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Content is a low-cost administrative tweak that often attracts bipartisan votes, but symbolic resistance and procedural hurdles in the Senate lower probability.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Rounding provisions referenced in summary are absent from provided text
  • Lack of official cost/benefit estimate in bill text
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressive worried rounding will harm low-income cash users

Content is a low-cost administrative tweak that often attracts bipartisan votes, but symbolic resistance and procedural hurdles in the Sena…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive amendment to coinage law that clearly mandates cessation of general-circulation one-cent minting and authorizes specific composition options for the…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis