H.R. 3109 (119th)Bill Overview

Researching Efficient Federal Improvements for Necessary Energy Refining Act

Energy|Electric power generation and transmissionEnergy
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Apr 30, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 223.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This bill directs the Secretary of Energy to ask the National Petroleum Council to produce and publicly release a report within 90 days.

The report must examine the role of U.S. petrochemical refineries in energy security, capacity, expansion opportunities, risks, and whether federal or state actions reduced refinery capacity, and recommend actions to increase capacity.

Passage75/100

Content is a limited, nonbinding study request with low fiscal impact, making enactment comparatively likely absent procedural obstacles.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward reporting mandate that clearly identifies required report topics, responsible entities, recipients, and a deadline. It provides a workable but minimal implementation framework appropriate for a study/report requirement, while omitting funding, methodological guidance, and contingency handling.

Contention65/100

Progressives emphasize climate and community harms; conservatives emphasize energy security and jobs.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Federal agenciesLocal governments
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersProvides policymakers with structured analysis to inform energy and industrial policy decisions.
  • Targeted stakeholdersMay identify investment opportunities that could help preserve or create refinery-related jobs.
  • Federal agenciesCould clarify how federal and state policies affect refinery capacity, reducing regulatory uncertainty.
Likely burdened
  • Targeted stakeholdersReport findings might be used to justify rolling back environmental or safety regulations.
  • Targeted stakeholdersCould steer policy toward expanding fossil fuel infrastructure instead of cleaner energy alternatives.
  • Local governmentsMay encourage prolonging operation of aging refineries, potentially increasing local pollution or safety risks.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize climate and community harms; conservatives emphasize energy security and jobs.
Progressive35%

Skeptical but cautiously supportive of a public analysis.

Concerned the mandate's emphasis on increasing refinery capacity may bias recommendations toward fossil fuel expansion rather than climate goals.

Likely resistant
Centrist70%

Favors a timely, evidence-based report to inform policy.

Wants balanced treatment of energy security, economic impacts, and environmental tradeoffs, and worries about the short 90-day deadline limiting depth.

Leans supportive
Conservative90%

Generally supportive; views the bill as a useful tool to document regulatory barriers and promote domestic refining capacity for security, jobs, and lower consumer fuel costs.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood75/100

Content is a limited, nonbinding study request with low fiscal impact, making enactment comparatively likely absent procedural obstacles.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether National Petroleum Council can complete quality report in 90 days
  • No cost estimate or appropriation language included
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize climate and community harms; conservatives emphasize energy security and jobs.

Content is a limited, nonbinding study request with low fiscal impact, making enactment comparatively likely absent procedural obstacles.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward reporting mandate that clearly identifies required report topics, responsible entities, recipients, and a deadline. It provides a workable but mi…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

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