- ConsumersReduces consumer fraud by banning paid practices that falsely claim to change sexual orientation or gender identity.
- Potential benefitMay decrease mental health harms linked to conversion therapy, potentially lowering depression and suicide risk.
- Potential benefitEnables FTC enforcement and civil remedies, increasing deterrence against deceptive therapy providers.
Therapeutic Fraud Prevention Act of 2025
Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.
The bill prohibits commercial conversion therapy — paid practices or products that seek to change a person’s sexual orientation or gender identity. It defines conversion therapy, carves out supportive or gender-transition assistance, and treats violations as unfair or deceptive acts enforceable by the Federal Trade Commission, state attorneys general, and the U.S. Attorney General under civil authorities of the FTC Act.
Protection of LGBTQ+ youth versus religious liberty and parental counseling
Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-structured substantive prohibition that provides clear findings and definitions, integrates explicitly with the Federal Trade Commission Act, and identifies federal and state enforcement mechanisms.
The bill prohibits commercial conversion therapy — paid practices or products that seek to change a person’s sexual orientation or gender identity.
It defines conversion therapy, carves out supportive or gender-transition assistance, and treats violations as unfair or deceptive acts enforceable by the Federal Trade Commission, state attorneys general, and the U.S. Attorney General under civil authorities of the FTC Act.
The statute emphasizes consumer protection and includes a First Amendment exception for protected products or services, with a severability clause.
Clear, narrow consumer-protection approach improves viability, but subject matter is polarizing and would face substantial procedural and constitutional scrutiny.
Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-structured substantive prohibition that provides clear findings and definitions, integrates explicitly with the Federal Trade Commission Act, and identifies federal and state enforcement mechanisms. It leaves some operational details to FTC rulemaking and existing statutes.
Protection of LGBTQ+ youth versus religious liberty and parental counseling
Who stands to gain, and who may push back.
These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.
- Federal agenciesCreates potential federal-state tension by overlapping existing state regulation of health and licensing.
- Potential burdenMay prompt substantial First Amendment litigation regarding religious counseling and expressive activities.
- Potential burdenImposes compliance and litigation risks on small, faith-based, or private counseling providers receiving compensation.
Why the argument around this bill splits.
Protection of LGBTQ+ youth versus religious liberty and parental counseling
Likely strongly supportive: the bill aligns with public-health and civil-rights consensus that conversion therapy is harmful.
It treats the practice as consumer fraud and uses existing FTC civil enforcement mechanisms rather than criminal penalties.
Generally supportive but cautious: the bill addresses clear consumer-harm concerns while relying on civil enforcement.
Centrists will watch for clarity on free-speech protections and federal reach into counseling.
Likely opposed: views the bill as federal overreach into private, religious, and parental counseling, expanding FTC regulatory power and risking free‑exercise and free‑speech conflicts.
The path through Congress.
Reached or meaningfully advanced
Reached or meaningfully advanced
Still ahead
Still ahead
Still ahead
Clear, narrow consumer-protection approach improves viability, but subject matter is polarizing and would face substantial procedural and constitutional scrutiny.
- First Amendment challenge scope and likely litigation outcomes
- How FTC prioritizes and funds enforcement actions
Recent votes on the bill.
No vote history yet
The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.
Go deeper than the headline read.
Protection of LGBTQ+ youth versus religious liberty and parental counseling
Clear, narrow consumer-protection approach improves viability, but subject matter is polarizing and would face substantial procedural and c…
Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-structured substantive prohibition that provides clear findings and definitions, integrates explicitly with the Federal Trade Commission Act, and identifies…
Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.