H.R. 3390 (119th)Bill Overview

Bringing the Discount Window into the 21st Century Act

Finance and Financial Sector|Banking and financial institutions regulationCongressional oversight
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
May 14, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 191.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This bill requires the Federal Reserve Board to review Federal Reserve Banks' discount window operations and complete the review within specified timeframes.

It mandates a remediation plan for identified deficiencies, reports to Congress (including annual updates and Inspector General reporting), interagency consultation, and allows confidential annexes.

The requirement sunsets once the Board notifies Congress and publishes that the remediation plan is fully implemented.

Passage50/100

Technocratic, low-cost oversight measure with modest controversy; procedural Senate dynamics and views on Fed autonomy are key uncertainties.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-constructed statutory reporting and remediation mandate. It provides clear assignment of responsibility, defined scope for the review, timebound deliverables, specified content for remediation planning, interagency consultation, confidentiality provisions for sensitive material, and built-in oversight and sunset mechanics tied to implementation.

Contention58/100

Left emphasizes transparency, access, and reducing stigma.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Targeted stakeholdersTargeted stakeholders
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersIdentifies operational gaps to improve liquidity access during financial stress.
  • Targeted stakeholdersPromotes modernization of technology and communications supporting faster liquidity provision.
  • Targeted stakeholdersAims to reduce stigma and increase discount window utilization through transparency and process changes.
Likely burdened
  • Targeted stakeholdersIncreases administrative and reporting burdens on the Board of Governors and Reserve Banks.
  • Targeted stakeholdersImplementation and upgrade costs for technology and staffing could be substantial and uncertain.
  • Targeted stakeholdersEnhanced oversight and reporting requirements could increase political scrutiny of operational monetary tools.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Left emphasizes transparency, access, and reducing stigma.
Progressive85%

Likely broadly supportive because the bill mandates review, transparency, and remediation to improve liquidity access, cybersecurity, and oversight.

The involvement of the CFPB and Inspector General reporting appeals to accountability and consumer-protection instincts.

They may still worry the bill stops short of stronger consumer or regulatory fixes.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally favorable as a targeted oversight and modernization effort that respects the Fed's operational role.

Values the structured review, remediation plan, and interagency consultation while being cautious about costs and preserving central bank independence.

Will watch implementation details and impacts on financial stability.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

Skeptical because it increases congressional oversight of Federal Reserve operational details and risks politicizing liquidity facilities.

Concerns include moral hazard, expanded federal intrusion, and potential regulatory burdens.

Some may still favor modest modernization for stability reasons.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood50/100

Technocratic, low-cost oversight measure with modest controversy; procedural Senate dynamics and views on Fed autonomy are key uncertainties.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Whether the Senate will prioritize or attach it to other legislation
  • Reactions from Federal Reserve leadership about perceived congressional micromanagement
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Left emphasizes transparency, access, and reducing stigma.

Technocratic, low-cost oversight measure with modest controversy; procedural Senate dynamics and views on Fed autonomy are key uncertaintie…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-constructed statutory reporting and remediation mandate. It provides clear assignment of responsibility, defined scope for the review, timebound deliverable…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis