H.R. 3402 (119th)Bill Overview

To amend the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to require certain disclosures by institutional investment managers in connection with proxy advisory firms, and for other purposes.

Finance and Financial Sector|Finance and Financial Sector
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
May 14, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Financial Services.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends Section 13(f) of the Securities Exchange Act to require institutional investment managers that engage proxy advisory firms to file annual reports with the SEC disclosing proxy votes, the degree votes matched proxy firm recommendations, explanations of how recommendations were used, and a certification that votes reflected shareholders' best economic interests. Managers with at least $100 billion AUM must clarify to customers that voting is optional, perform and report an economic analysis before voting on each shareholder proposal (with a narrow exception), and include those analyses in the annual report.

Why people may split

Liberals worry bill chills ESG and shareholder activism; conservatives welcome curbs on proxy advisors

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates new substantive obligations by adding narrowly specified disclosure and analysis requirements for institutional investment managers that use proxy advisory firms.

The bill amends Section 13(f) of the Securities Exchange Act to require institutional investment managers that engage proxy advisory firms to file annual reports with the SEC disclosing proxy votes, the degree votes matched proxy firm recommendations, explanations of how recommendations were used, and a certification that votes reflected shareholders' best economic interests.

Managers with at least $100 billion AUM must clarify to customers that voting is optional, perform and report an economic analysis before voting on each shareholder proposal (with a narrow exception), and include those analyses in the annual report.

The bill defines “best economic interest” and “proxy advisory firm” for these requirements.

Passage40/100

Procedural hurdles in the Senate, likely industry pushback, and administrative rulemaking needed reduce chances despite limited fiscal footprint.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates new substantive obligations by adding narrowly specified disclosure and analysis requirements for institutional investment managers that use proxy advisory firms. It is reasonably specific about the information to be disclosed and defines covered entities and certain terms, but it leaves several executional and administrative details to the Commission and does not address costs or enforcement mechanisms.

Contention72/100

Liberals worry bill chills ESG and shareholder activism; conservatives welcome curbs on proxy advisors

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases transparency about how institutional managers vote on shareholder proposals.
  • Potential benefitCould strengthen fiduciary oversight by documenting how votes serve shareholders' economic interests.
  • Potential benefitMay reduce automatic reliance on proxy advisory recommendations, encouraging more internal analysis.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenImposes new compliance and reporting costs on institutional investment managers.
  • Potential burdenMay reveal proprietary voting strategies and analyses to issuers or competitors.
  • Potential burdenCould slow voting processes or produce conservative voting to avoid disclosure risks.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals worry bill chills ESG and shareholder activism; conservatives welcome curbs on proxy advisors
Progressive30%

Skeptical.

While valuing transparency and fiduciary accountability, this persona would worry the bill limits shareholder activism and constrains proxy advisors who assist engagement on labor, environmental, and governance issues.

They see disclosure as positive but fear new requirements could chill votes on progressive proposals and favor corporate management.

Likely resistant
Centrist65%

Cautiously supportive of increased transparency and SEC reporting, but concerned about feasibility, scope, and costs.

Views the bill as reasonable if implementation is practical and avoids disproportionate burdens on investors and market functioning.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Generally favorable.

Sees the bill as curbing outsized influence of proxy advisory firms, reinforcing fiduciary duty, and forcing asset managers to prioritize shareholders' economic returns over activist agendas.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

Procedural hurdles in the Senate, likely industry pushback, and administrative rulemaking needed reduce chances despite limited fiscal footprint.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No SEC cost estimate or mandated enforcement penalties provided
  • Scope of required SEC rulemaking and timeline is unspecified
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals worry bill chills ESG and shareholder activism; conservatives welcome curbs on proxy advisors

Procedural hurdles in the Senate, likely industry pushback, and administrative rulemaking needed reduce chances despite limited fiscal foot…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill creates new substantive obligations by adding narrowly specified disclosure and analysis requirements for institutional investment managers that use proxy advisory fi…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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