H.R. 3431 (119th)Bill Overview

Green Energy for Federal Buildings Act

Energy|Energy
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
May 15, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Section 203 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to set new Federal renewable energy procurement targets. It requires federal consumption of renewable energy to reach at least 35% in fiscal years 2030–2039, 75% in 2040–2049, and 100% in 2050 and thereafter.

Why people may split

Cost and feasibility: progressives see acceptable tradeoff; conservatives see high cost.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward statutory amendment that establishes explicit multi-stage renewable procurement targets for the Federal Government culminating in 100% renewable consumption by fiscal year 2050, and it modestly constrains eligible sources to on-site, Federal lands, or Indian land generation.

This bill amends Section 203 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to set new Federal renewable energy procurement targets.

It requires federal consumption of renewable energy to reach at least 35% in fiscal years 2030–2039, 75% in 2040–2049, and 100% in 2050 and thereafter.

It adds a feasibility clause directing the Secretary to prioritize renewable energy produced on-site, on Federal lands, or on Indian land to the maximum extent economically feasible and technically practicable.

Passage45/100

Low administrative complexity and phased approach help, but political disagreement over federal renewables mandates and Senate barriers lower prospects.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward statutory amendment that establishes explicit multi-stage renewable procurement targets for the Federal Government culminating in 100% renewable consumption by fiscal year 2050, and it modestly constrains eligible sources to on-site, Federal lands, or Indian land generation.

Contention72/100

Cost and feasibility: progressives see acceptable tradeoff; conservatives see high cost.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesReduces federal greenhouse gas emissions from electricity consumption.
  • Potential benefitIncreases demand for renewable projects, potentially creating construction and operation jobs.
  • Federal agenciesEncourages on-site generation that may lower agency energy expenses and utility purchases.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesUpfront capital costs to procure or build renewable infrastructure could increase agency budgets.
  • Federal agenciesCompliance reporting, contracting, and project management requirements could increase agency administrative burdens.
  • Potential burdenHigher shares of variable renewables may require grid upgrades and storage to maintain reliability.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Cost and feasibility: progressives see acceptable tradeoff; conservatives see high cost.
Progressive85%

Likely supportive because the bill sets a clear federal pathway to 100% renewable electricity by 2050.

Would welcome stronger federal leadership and long-term targets but may find the timeline and lack of funding or labor, justice provisions inadequate.

May press for earlier deadlines, worker transition protections, and stronger enforcement.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Generally favorable to modernizing federal energy procurement with a long-term, phased approach.

Will emphasize cost, reliability, and practical implementation details missing from the bill.

Likely to back the goals if accompanied by cost analyses, flexibility for grid reliability, and clear implementation guidance.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Likely opposed or skeptical due to federal mandate, potential costs, and impacts on energy reliability.

Prefers market-driven, technology-neutral approaches and state or agency discretion.

May argue the law expands federal reach without clear funding or national security safeguards.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Low administrative complexity and phased approach help, but political disagreement over federal renewables mandates and Senate barriers lower prospects.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or agency budgetary impact included
  • Enforcement, compliance metrics, and waiver processes not specified
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Cost and feasibility: progressives see acceptable tradeoff; conservatives see high cost.

Low administrative complexity and phased approach help, but political disagreement over federal renewables mandates and Senate barriers low…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward statutory amendment that establishes explicit multi-stage renewable procurement targets for the Federal Government culminating in 100% renewable…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis