H.R. 346 (119th)Bill Overview

Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act

Environmental Protection|Environmental Protection
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 13, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Clean Air Act section 209(b) to prohibit State standards that directly or indirectly limit the sale or use of new motor vehicles with internal combustion engines. It adds a new subparagraph (D) banning waivers for state rules that would limit internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle sales, and prevents the EPA Administrator from retroactively treating post-enactment state amendments as covered by prior waivers.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize climate and public-health harms versus conservative prioritizing consumer choice.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that explicitly curtails EPA waiver authority under the Clean Air Act by prohibiting waivers for State standards that limit the sale or use of new internal combustion engine vehicles and by directing revocation of certain waivers.

This bill amends Clean Air Act section 209(b) to prohibit State standards that directly or indirectly limit the sale or use of new motor vehicles with internal combustion engines.

It adds a new subparagraph (D) banning waivers for state rules that would limit internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle sales, and prevents the EPA Administrator from retroactively treating post-enactment state amendments as covered by prior waivers.

The bill also directs the EPA to revoke any waiver issued between January 1, 2022 and enactment that does not comply with the new restriction.

Passage30/100

Legally significant federal preemption on a high-salience issue; narrow text helps proponents but strong institutional, political, and legal resistance lowers odds.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that explicitly curtails EPA waiver authority under the Clean Air Act by prohibiting waivers for State standards that limit the sale or use of new internal combustion engine vehicles and by directing revocation of certain waivers. The bill supplies clear, short-form statutory text to accomplish that substantive policy change but leaves several practical and legal specifics unaddressed.

Contention72/100

Progressives emphasize climate and public-health harms versus conservative prioritizing consumer choice.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Consumers · StatesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • ConsumersPreserves consumers' ability to purchase new internal combustion engine vehicles nationwide.
  • StatesReduces automakers' compliance costs from differing State vehicle mandates.
  • Potential benefitProtects jobs tied to ICE vehicle manufacturing, maintenance, and fueling infrastructure.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCould delay reductions in transportation greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions.
  • Potential burdenMay reduce market incentives for electric vehicle investment and related job growth.
  • Federal agenciesLikely to provoke legal disputes between States and the federal government over authority.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize climate and public-health harms versus conservative prioritizing consumer choice.
Progressive15%

Likely strongly opposed.

They will view this as a federal preemption of state-led climate and air-quality policy and an obstacle to accelerating EV adoption.

They will emphasize public health and greenhouse gas reduction losses from blocking state standards.

Likely resistant
Centrist50%

Mixed view.

Appreciates uniformity and manufacturer certainty, but worries about blocking legitimate state environmental regulation.

Will want clearer definitions and measured tradeoffs.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Likely supportive.

Sees the bill as protecting consumer choice, preventing state mandates that force EV transitions, and limiting California-style regulatory reach.

Prefers federal limits on state waivers in this area.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Legally significant federal preemption on a high-salience issue; narrow text helps proponents but strong institutional, political, and legal resistance lowers odds.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • EPA's interpretation and willingness to revoke existing waivers
  • Likelihood and outcome of judicial challenges on preemption
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize climate and public-health harms versus conservative prioritizing consumer choice.

Legally significant federal preemption on a high-salience issue; narrow text helps proponents but strong institutional, political, and lega…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that explicitly curtails EPA waiver authority under the Clean Air Act by prohibiting waivers for State standards that limit the sale…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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