H.R. 3504 (119th)Bill Overview

Artemis Act of 2025

Immigration|Immigration
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
May 20, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends INA section 235(b)(1) to exempt from expedited removal any noncitizen who is a native, citizen, or would be removed to a "country of concern." "Country of concern" is defined by reference to Secretary of State designations under the International Religious Freedom Act (countries of particular concern or special watch list countries). The change removes expedited removal authority for those covered, meaning such individuals would not be summarily removed under section 235(b)(1).

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize humanitarian due-process and asylum access benefits.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise substantive amendment that creates a specific exception to expedited removal tied to State Department designations, but it contains drafting imperfections and omits implementation, fiscal, and oversight details that would normally accompany a change affecting immigration enforcement procedures.

This bill amends INA section 235(b)(1) to exempt from expedited removal any noncitizen who is a native, citizen, or would be removed to a "country of concern." "Country of concern" is defined by reference to Secretary of State designations under the International Religious Freedom Act (countries of particular concern or special watch list countries).

The change removes expedited removal authority for those covered, meaning such individuals would not be summarily removed under section 235(b)(1).

The bill does not itself specify implementation details, funding, or alternative procedures.

Passage25/100

Narrow statutory tweak but on a divisive policy area with fiscal implications and limited compromise features.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise substantive amendment that creates a specific exception to expedited removal tied to State Department designations, but it contains drafting imperfections and omits implementation, fiscal, and oversight details that would normally accompany a change affecting immigration enforcement procedures.

Contention65/100

Progressives emphasize humanitarian due-process and asylum access benefits.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
StatesLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces risk of summary returns for people fleeing religious persecution in designated countries.
  • Potential benefitEnsures greater access to full asylum screening and immigration hearings for affected nationals.
  • StatesAligns expedited removal practice with State Department religious freedom designations.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenIncreases processing time and administrative backlog for border and immigration agencies.
  • Potential burdenAdds fiscal costs for additional adjudication, detention, or legal representation needs.
  • Potential burdenCould incentivize migrants to claim nationality of designated countries to avoid expedited removal.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize humanitarian due-process and asylum access benefits.
Progressive80%

Likely supportive.

The change protects people from countries with documented religious freedom violations from summary removal, increasing access to asylum adjudication and due process.

Supporters would see this as a targeted humanitarian and human-rights measure.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Cautiously favorable but pragmatic.

The intent to protect persecuted people is understandable, but the bill lacks operational detail and funding.

The centrist view balances humanitarian goals with concerns about border management, processing capacity, and potential for abuse.

Split reaction
Conservative25%

Likely opposed.

The bill curtails expedited removal and is seen as weakening border enforcement, creating a procedural loophole tied to political designations, and adding administrative burdens without security guarantees.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Narrow statutory tweak but on a divisive policy area with fiscal implications and limited compromise features.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or appropriation details provided
  • Number and identity of countries affected is variable
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize humanitarian due-process and asylum access benefits.

Narrow statutory tweak but on a divisive policy area with fiscal implications and limited compromise features.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise substantive amendment that creates a specific exception to expedited removal tied to State Department designations, but it contains drafting imperfection…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis