H.R. 3574 (119th)Bill Overview

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to permit qualified distributions from section 529 plans for certain transportation and parking expenses.

Taxation|Taxation
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
May 23, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow qualified distributions from section 529 education savings plans to be used for reasonable transportation (including parking) expenses to an eligible educational institution, limited to the institution's cost-of-attendance transportation allowance. It also permits 529 distributions for transportation and parking related to participation in qualifying apprenticeship programs.

Why people may split

Liberal emphasizes access for commuting and apprenticeship students

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped, legally specific amendment to the Internal Revenue Code that adds transportation (including parking) as a qualified 529 distribution expense subject to an institution-determined cost-of-attendance cap.

This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow qualified distributions from section 529 education savings plans to be used for reasonable transportation (including parking) expenses to an eligible educational institution, limited to the institution's cost-of-attendance transportation allowance.

It also permits 529 distributions for transportation and parking related to participation in qualifying apprenticeship programs.

The changes apply to distributions made after enactment.

Passage55/100

Technically modest, broadly appealing expansion of existing tax-preferred education benefits, though enactment hinges on legislative timing and budget scrutiny.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped, legally specific amendment to the Internal Revenue Code that adds transportation (including parking) as a qualified 529 distribution expense subject to an institution-determined cost-of-attendance cap. The text specifies the statutory language changes and an effective date but omits fiscal acknowledgment, detailed administrative procedures, documentation standards, and explicit accountability mechanisms.

Contention55/100

Liberal emphasizes access for commuting and apprenticeship students

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
StudentsFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • StudentsReduces students' out-of-pocket commuting and parking costs when using 529 funds.
  • Potential benefitIncreases flexibility and perceived value of 529 plans for families.
  • Potential benefitMay increase apprenticeship participation by covering transportation barriers to attendance.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesExpands tax-preferred withdrawals, likely reducing federal tax revenue modestly.
  • Potential burdenMay advantage families already holding 529 accounts, raising equity concerns.
  • Potential burdenCreates administrative burden for institutions and plan administrators to track allowances.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberal emphasizes access for commuting and apprenticeship students
Progressive80%

Likely supportive as a targeted measure reducing barriers to education and apprenticeships for commuting students.

Sees modest expansion of 529-eligible expenses as helping working and low-income students, though notes 529 plans are more common among higher-income families.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally favorable as a limited, practical expansion of allowable 529 expenses that eases student costs.

Wants clear definitions, fiscal estimates, and administrative simplicity to prevent misuse.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

Skeptical of expanding tax-advantaged benefits; views as further enlarging federal tax preferences that may favor higher-income families.

Worries about revenue loss and potential for expanded scope over time.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood55/100

Technically modest, broadly appealing expansion of existing tax-preferred education benefits, though enactment hinges on legislative timing and budget scrutiny.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No formal cost estimate or revenue score provided
  • Committee appetite and amendment trading unknown
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberal emphasizes access for commuting and apprenticeship students

Technically modest, broadly appealing expansion of existing tax-preferred education benefits, though enactment hinges on legislative timing…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrowly scoped, legally specific amendment to the Internal Revenue Code that adds transportation (including parking) as a qualified 529 distribution expense sub…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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