H.R. 363 (119th)Bill Overview

Territorial Economic Recovery Act

Taxation|American SamoaGuam
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 13, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Internal Revenue Code section 951A (the GILTI tested income rules) to exclude certain income of "qualified possession corporations" from tested income. A "qualified possession corporation" must have at least 80% of gross income sourced in a U.S. possession and 75% or more effectively connected to an active trade or business in that possession. "Possessions" are defined to include Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and any specified possession described in section 931(c).

Why people may split

Liberals worry about revenue loss and weak safeguards

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly targeted substantive amendment to the Internal Revenue Code that specifies exclusions, numeric thresholds, definitions, and an effective date.

This bill amends Internal Revenue Code section 951A (the GILTI tested income rules) to exclude certain income of "qualified possession corporations" from tested income.

A "qualified possession corporation" must have at least 80% of gross income sourced in a U.S. possession and 75% or more effectively connected to an active trade or business in that possession. "Possessions" are defined to include Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and any specified possession described in section 931(c).

The change applies to foreign-corporation taxable years beginning after December 31, 2023, and related U.S. shareholder years.

Passage35/100

Technically narrow but creates a tax preference with fiscal effects; could pass as part of broader package but weak as standalone without offsets or broad support.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly targeted substantive amendment to the Internal Revenue Code that specifies exclusions, numeric thresholds, definitions, and an effective date. It integrates cleanly into the existing statutory text.

Contention58/100

Liberals worry about revenue loss and weak safeguards

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitCould lower U.S. tax on income earned by corporations operating in U.S. possessions.
  • Potential benefitMay encourage business investment and job creation within qualifying U.S. possessions.
  • Potential benefitReduces GILTI inclusion complexity for corporations meeting the possession residency and activity tests.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesWould likely reduce federal corporate tax receipts from GILTI inclusions.
  • Potential burdenMay create incentives to recharacterize or shift profits into possession entities to avoid GILTI.
  • Potential burdenAdds a three‑year sourcing and activity test that increases compliance and administrative burden.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals worry about revenue loss and weak safeguards
Progressive55%

Liberal/progressive observers would see the bill as targeted tax relief for corporations operating in U.S. territories that could help local economies, but would be cautious about corporate tax expenditures.

They would weigh potential benefits for territorial investment and jobs against revenue loss and the risk of tax avoidance absent strong labor and environmental conditions.

Support would be conditional on visible local economic benefits and safeguards for workers and public revenue.

Split reaction
Centrist65%

A centrist reviewer would view the bill as a targeted, technical tax change aimed at promoting economic activity in U.S. possessions, with plausible benefits but measurable fiscal tradeoffs.

They would look for revenue estimates, compliance rules, and anti-abuse measures before endorsing it.

Support would be pragmatic if offsets or evaluation provisions accompany the change.

Split reaction
Conservative80%

Mainstream conservatives would generally view this as a pro-growth, pro-U.S. possessions tax relief measure that encourages investment and keeps business activity tied to U.S. jurisdictions.

Many would favor the deregulatory/tax-cut aspect, though some may want simplicity and limits on complexity.

Overall, it aligns with preferences for lower taxes on business activity in American territories.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Technically narrow but creates a tax preference with fiscal effects; could pass as part of broader package but weak as standalone without offsets or broad support.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Absence of official cost/CBO estimate in text
  • Scope and number of taxpayers affected
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals worry about revenue loss and weak safeguards

Technically narrow but creates a tax preference with fiscal effects; could pass as part of broader package but weak as standalone without o…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly targeted substantive amendment to the Internal Revenue Code that specifies exclusions, numeric thresholds, definitions, and an effective date. It integra…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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