H.R. 384 (119th)Bill Overview

One Agency Act

Commerce|Commerce
Sponsor
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 14, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill transfers primary federal antitrust enforcement from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to the Attorney General, moving FTC antitrust actions, employees, assets, and funding to the Department of Justice Antitrust Division. It establishes a transition period (about one year, extendable once) for transferring open matters, allows deputization of former FTC staff, reassigns statutory consultation and premerger notification duties, and gives the Attorney General authority over consent decrees and investigative reporting powers.

Why people may split

Centralization and efficiency (conservative) vs independence and consumer focus (liberal)

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly defines its policy objective and sets out substantial legal mechanisms to transfer antitrust enforcement from the FTC to the Attorney General, including definitions, a transition period, transfer of personnel/assets/funding, and rules for handling pending matters.

This bill transfers primary federal antitrust enforcement from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to the Attorney General, moving FTC antitrust actions, employees, assets, and funding to the Department of Justice Antitrust Division.

It establishes a transition period (about one year, extendable once) for transferring open matters, allows deputization of former FTC staff, reassigns statutory consultation and premerger notification duties, and gives the Attorney General authority over consent decrees and investigative reporting powers.

The FTC is barred from initiating new antitrust matters during transition except as deputized by the Attorney General.

Passage25/100

Sweeping reallocation of enforcement authority is institutionally controversial, invites opposition and legal challenges, and lacks built-in wide bipartisan appeal.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly defines its policy objective and sets out substantial legal mechanisms to transfer antitrust enforcement from the FTC to the Attorney General, including definitions, a transition period, transfer of personnel/assets/funding, and rules for handling pending matters. It leaves important administrative and fiscal implementation details to Executive discretion and omits mandated oversight and specific appropriation-transfer mechanics.

Contention75/100

Centralization and efficiency (conservative) vs independence and consumer focus (liberal)

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesConsolidates federal antitrust enforcement, potentially reducing overlapping investigations and administrative duplicat…
  • Federal agenciesCreates a single federal enforcement authority, potentially increasing consistency in antitrust policy and outcomes.
  • Potential benefitMay yield operational efficiencies and faster decisionmaking within a single Antitrust Division structure.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesConcentrates antitrust power in the Department of Justice, reducing independent agency oversight and checks.
  • Potential burdenRaises risk of politicized enforcement tied to shifts in Attorney General priorities.
  • Potential burdenTransition may disrupt ongoing investigations, litigation, and administration of existing consent decrees.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Centralization and efficiency (conservative) vs independence and consumer focus (liberal)
Progressive25%

Likely skeptical or opposed.

The persona will view consolidation as a risk to independent, aggressive enforcement of consumer and competition harms, especially non-price harms handled under FTC Section 5.

They will worry about politicization and loss of FTC rulemaking or expertise.

Likely resistant
Centrist55%

Mixed and pragmatic.

The persona will acknowledge efficiency gains from consolidation but worry about continuity, legal complications, and the loss of an independent agency.

They will favor safeguards, clear timelines, and adequate resourcing during transition.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Generally supportive.

The persona will welcome consolidating antitrust authority under the Department of Justice to reduce duplicative bureaucracy and promote consistent enforcement.

They will see this as restoring clearer executive accountability for antitrust policy.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Sweeping reallocation of enforcement authority is institutionally controversial, invites opposition and legal challenges, and lacks built-in wide bipartisan appeal.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Absent official cost estimate for transition and restructuring
  • Stakeholder reactions from regulated industries and consumer advocates
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Centralization and efficiency (conservative) vs independence and consumer focus (liberal)

Sweeping reallocation of enforcement authority is institutionally controversial, invites opposition and legal challenges, and lacks built-i…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly defines its policy objective and sets out substantial legal mechanisms to transfer antitrust enforcement from the FTC to the Attorney General, including defin…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis