H.R. 403 (119th)Bill Overview

Preventing Our Next Natural Disaster Act

Emergency Management|Emergency Management
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 14, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Stafford Act to strengthen predisaster mitigation by updating definitions, guidance, funding priorities, and data collection. It requires FEMA to incorporate climate change into risk tools and project design, prioritize assistance to high-risk and disadvantaged communities, raise mitigation set-asides from the Disaster Relief Fund, allow higher federal cost shares for eligible communities, fund outreach through extension networks, and build a central database of disaster and mitigation spending with post-project evaluations.

Why people may split

Support for climate-change mandates versus opposition to federal climate directives

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill makes concrete substantive amendments to the Stafford Act—adding definitions, altering priority criteria, changing allocation percentages, authorizing guidance and outreach, and requiring a central database and post-project evaluations.

This bill amends the Stafford Act to strengthen predisaster mitigation by updating definitions, guidance, funding priorities, and data collection.

It requires FEMA to incorporate climate change into risk tools and project design, prioritize assistance to high-risk and disadvantaged communities, raise mitigation set-asides from the Disaster Relief Fund, allow higher federal cost shares for eligible communities, fund outreach through extension networks, and build a central database of disaster and mitigation spending with post-project evaluations.

Passage45/100

Technocratic mitigation reforms improve passage prospects, but fiscal implications and climate/EJ emphasis create moderate opposition risk.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill makes concrete substantive amendments to the Stafford Act—adding definitions, altering priority criteria, changing allocation percentages, authorizing guidance and outreach, and requiring a central database and post-project evaluations. It blends policy change with administrative and reporting components.

Contention68/100

Support for climate-change mandates versus opposition to federal climate directives

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesIncreases federal financial support for small impoverished and environmental justice communities up to a 90 percent sha…
  • Potential benefitRaises the predisaster mitigation allocation from 6 percent to 15 percent, potentially expanding mitigation project fun…
  • Potential benefitPrioritization directs more resources toward high-hazard and socially vulnerable communities likely facing greater disa…
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesIncreasing set-asides and federal shares could raise demands on the Disaster Relief Fund and federal budgets.
  • Potential burdenNew guidance and requirements to build for future climate projections may increase upfront project costs.
  • Federal agenciesCreating and maintaining a centralized interagency database will impose administrative and coordination costs.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Support for climate-change mandates versus opposition to federal climate directives
Progressive90%

Likely supportive; advances climate resilience, environmental justice, and targeted federal assistance for disadvantaged communities.

Emphasizes proactive mitigation over reactive disaster spending and improved data transparency.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally favorable toward improving mitigation and data, but cautious about increased federal spending and administrative complexity.

Wants clear metrics, cost-benefit rigor, and state-federal balance.

Leans supportive
Conservative25%

Skeptical; supports mitigation goals but objects to expanded federal spending, mandates to use climate projections, and centralized data control.

Prefers state-led, market-based solutions.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Technocratic mitigation reforms improve passage prospects, but fiscal implications and climate/EJ emphasis create moderate opposition risk.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No congressional cost estimate or offsets included
  • Political appetite for climate‑focused provisions
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Support for climate-change mandates versus opposition to federal climate directives

Technocratic mitigation reforms improve passage prospects, but fiscal implications and climate/EJ emphasis create moderate opposition risk.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill makes concrete substantive amendments to the Stafford Act—adding definitions, altering priority criteria, changing allocation percentages, authorizing guidance and ou…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis