H.R. 405 (119th)Bill Overview

Keep Every Extra Penny Act of 2025

Taxation|Taxation
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 15, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to exclude overtime compensation required by section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act from gross income for federal income tax purposes. The exclusion applies to amounts received after enactment.

Why people may split

Supporters emphasize worker take-home pay; opponents emphasize revenue loss.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory amendment that clearly accomplishes a single substantive policy change (an income tax exclusion for overtime pay) and includes the necessary code insertion and effective date, but it omits fiscal acknowledgement, implementation detail, anti-abuse safeguards, and accountability provisions.

The bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to exclude overtime compensation required by section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act from gross income for federal income tax purposes.

The exclusion applies to amounts received after enactment.

Passage30/100

Narrow, popular in messaging but creates nontrivial fiscal cost with no offsets; more likely to stall in Senate or budget process.

CredibilityMisaligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory amendment that clearly accomplishes a single substantive policy change (an income tax exclusion for overtime pay) and includes the necessary code insertion and effective date, but it omits fiscal acknowledgement, implementation detail, anti-abuse safeguards, and accountability provisions.

Contention50/100

Supporters emphasize worker take-home pay; opponents emphasize revenue loss.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · WorkersFederal agencies · Employers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases after-tax take-home pay for employees receiving FLSA overtime pay.
  • Federal agenciesTargets federal tax relief specifically to workers who receive FLSA overtime compensation.
  • WorkersMay raise consumer spending by increasing net income for overtime workers.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesReduces federal individual income tax revenues by excluding overtime from taxable income.
  • EmployersAdds payroll and reporting complexity for employers to segregate and report overtime separately.
  • EmployersCreates incentives for employers to reclassify compensation or shift pay toward overtime structures.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Supporters emphasize worker take-home pay; opponents emphasize revenue loss.
Progressive80%

Generally favorable because it increases after-tax pay for hourly workers who earn overtime.

Supports targeted relief for lower- and middle-income earners but notes potential revenue trade-offs and program interactions.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Cautiously supportive of worker-targeted tax relief but concerned about fiscal impact and administrative complexity.

Wants scorekeeping on revenue and a clear implementation plan.

Split reaction
Conservative95%

Strongly supportive as a pro-work, pro-paycheck tax relief measure.

Views it as reducing tax burden on workers and encouraging work effort, with limited government expansion.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Narrow, popular in messaging but creates nontrivial fiscal cost with no offsets; more likely to stall in Senate or budget process.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Estimated revenue loss not provided
  • Effect on payroll (FICA) tax treatment unclear
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Supporters emphasize worker take-home pay; opponents emphasize revenue loss.

Narrow, popular in messaging but creates nontrivial fiscal cost with no offsets; more likely to stall in Senate or budget process.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory amendment that clearly accomplishes a single substantive policy change (an income tax exclusion for overtime pay) and includes the necessary co…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis