H.R. 4110 (119th)Bill Overview

The Organic Dairy Data Collection Act

Agriculture and Food|Agriculture and Food
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Democratic
Introduced
Jun 24, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Agriculture.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill requires the Secretary of Agriculture to support regional and national programs to collect and publish cost-of-production data for organic milk, including detailed prices for major organic feedstuffs (domestic and imported) and other production costs. It directs USDA to establish an "Organic All Milk Prices Survey" within 90 days to report monthly payments to organic dairy farmers and prices for organic milk cows, at the national level and for at least six key organic dairy regions.

Why people may split

Scope and size of federal role: liberals and centrists see targeted data collection as helpful; conservatives worry about federal expansion and recurring costs.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear reporting mandate and assigns responsibility to existing agencies with specific short deadlines and defined reporting elements, but it leaves substantial operational, fiscal, and methodological detail to agency discretion.

This bill requires the Secretary of Agriculture to support regional and national programs to collect and publish cost-of-production data for organic milk, including detailed prices for major organic feedstuffs (domestic and imported) and other production costs.

It directs USDA to establish an "Organic All Milk Prices Survey" within 90 days to report monthly payments to organic dairy farmers and prices for organic milk cows, at the national level and for at least six key organic dairy regions.

Within 180 days the Secretary must publish periodic reports, using NASS, ERS, or AMS data, that add organic milk equivalents to conventional milk reporting, including state-level cost-of-production, regional production quantity, regional "mailbox" prices, and major organic feedstuff prices.

Passage40/100

On content alone the bill is modest, administrative, and non-controversial, which increases its chances compared with sweeping policy changes. Its likelihood to become law depends heavily on practical considerations outside the text: availability of agency funds, committee/prioritization in the legislative schedule, and whether it is bundled into a larger bill. As a standalone bill it has only a moderate chance; inclusion in an appropriations or farm bill package would materially raise the odds.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear reporting mandate and assigns responsibility to existing agencies with specific short deadlines and defined reporting elements, but it leaves substantial operational, fiscal, and methodological detail to agency discretion.

Contention45/100

Scope and size of federal role: liberals and centrists see targeted data collection as helpful; conservatives worry about federal expansion and recurring costs.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitImproved market transparency: more frequent, detailed price and cost data could reduce information asymmetries between…
  • Federal agenciesBetter policy and program design: more granular data on organic milk costs and feed prices could enable federal and sta…
  • Potential benefitPotential to support organic sector growth and related jobs: clearer economic signals and improved access to market inf…
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesAdministrative and fiscal costs: implementing new surveys and expanded reporting will increase USDA workload and requir…
  • Potential burdenReporting burden and confidentiality concerns for small farms: increased data collection could impose time and record-k…
  • Potential burdenPotential market effects: detailed, timely public data could be used by larger buyers or processors to exert pressure o…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Scope and size of federal role: liberals and centrists see targeted data collection as helpful; conservatives worry about federal expansion and recurring costs.
Progressive80%

A mainstream progressive would likely view this bill as a useful, targeted measure to strengthen data and transparency for organic dairy producers, who are often smaller-scale and face different cost structures than conventional producers.

They would appreciate better cost-of-production and price data to inform fair market policies, support for conservation-minded farming, and to identify where public supports or market fixes may be needed.

They may be concerned that the bill lacks explicit funding and that implementation must protect small farmers from reporting burdens and ensure public access to data.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

A moderate observer would see this as a narrowly focused, technocratic bill to fill a data gap in the agricultural statistics for organic dairy.

They would appreciate that better data can reduce information asymmetries and support evidence-based policymaking, but would want clarity on costs, data collection methods, and privacy protections.

They would look for assurances that the program is cost-effective, minimizes burden on producers, and integrates with existing NASS/ERS/AMS operations without duplicative reporting.

Split reaction
Conservative35%

A mainstream conservative would view this as an expansion of federal data-collection responsibility into a sector niche; they would be skeptical of further federal involvement unless clear necessity and low cost are demonstrated.

While better market information is not intrinsically objectionable, they would worry about increased administrative costs, potential federal overreach into private market operations, and whether the data could be used to justify new regulations or subsidies.

They would likely demand limits on scope, assurances that data collection is voluntary or minimally burdensome, and a clear, funded plan rather than open-ended mandates.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

On content alone the bill is modest, administrative, and non-controversial, which increases its chances compared with sweeping policy changes. Its likelihood to become law depends heavily on practical considerations outside the text: availability of agency funds, committee/prioritization in the legislative schedule, and whether it is bundled into a larger bill. As a standalone bill it has only a moderate chance; inclusion in an appropriations or farm bill package would materially raise the odds.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • The bill directs "support for" programs and new surveys but does not include an explicit authorization of appropriations or cost estimates — the scale of required funding and whether agencies can absorb the work within existing resources is unknown.
  • Whether the committee leadership and floor managers will schedule this as a standalone measure or attach it to a larger agriculture/appropriations vehicle will strongly affect its path; that procedural outcome is not discernible from the text.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Scope and size of federal role: liberals and centrists see targeted data collection as helpful; conservatives worry about federal expansion…

On content alone the bill is modest, administrative, and non-controversial, which increases its chances compared with sweeping policy chang…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes a clear reporting mandate and assigns responsibility to existing agencies with specific short deadlines and defined reporting elements, but it leaves subs…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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