H.R. 4149 (119th)Bill Overview

Upholding the Dayton Peace Agreement Through Sanctions Act

International Affairs|International Affairs
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Jun 25, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill directs the President to identify every 180 days foreign persons who the United States determines are undermining the Dayton Peace Agreement, threatening the security or territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, undermining democratic processes there, engaging in corruption related to Bosnia and Herzegovina, or supporting such persons. For each person listed the President must impose sanctions that may include blocking property under IEEPA and making aliens on the list inadmissible to and ineligible for visas or admission to the United States, and the President must revoke existing visas for such persons.

Why people may split

Scope and use of executive discretion: all personas want effectiveness and oversight, but liberals emphasize transparency and human-rights safeguards while conservatives worry about unchecked expansion of executive power.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-constructed substantive sanctions statute that specifies objectives, listing criteria, sanctions authorities, exceptions, and implementation timelines, and that integrates clearly with existing statutory authorities (IEEPA, INA, relevant Executive Orders).

This bill directs the President to identify every 180 days foreign persons who the United States determines are undermining the Dayton Peace Agreement, threatening the security or territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, undermining democratic processes there, engaging in corruption related to Bosnia and Herzegovina, or supporting such persons.

For each person listed the President must impose sanctions that may include blocking property under IEEPA and making aliens on the list inadmissible to and ineligible for visas or admission to the United States, and the President must revoke existing visas for such persons.

The bill authorizes the Treasury, in consultation with State, to restrict correspondent or payable-through accounts of foreign financial institutions that knowingly facilitate significant transactions for listed persons, preserves certain humanitarian and import exceptions, and allows case-by-case Presidential waivers for national security.

Passage35/100

Judged by content alone, the bill is a targeted, conventional sanctions statute with modest domestic fiscal impact and several compromise features that make it plausible to build a coalition. However, mandatory sanctioning language, codification of executive orders, and the potential for diplomatic pushback raise political and procedural hurdles—especially in the Senate—so passage is plausible but far from assured without further negotiation or strategic packaging.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-constructed substantive sanctions statute that specifies objectives, listing criteria, sanctions authorities, exceptions, and implementation timelines, and that integrates clearly with existing statutory authorities (IEEPA, INA, relevant Executive Orders).

Contention35/100

Scope and use of executive discretion: all personas want effectiveness and oversight, but liberals emphasize transparency and human-rights safeguards while conservatives worry about unchecked expansion of executive power.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
StatesLocal governments · Families

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases leverage over individuals and entities undermining Bosnia and Herzegovina by making it easier to freeze asset…
  • StatesSupports coordination with allies by calling for EU/UK sanctions and codifying prior Balkans sanctions authorities, pot…
  • Potential benefitTargets corruption and illicit financial activity tied to destabilizing actors, which could reduce illicit capital flow…
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMay impose increased compliance costs and operational risk on U.S. and foreign banks (due‑diligence, blocking transacti…
  • Local governmentsCould escalate geopolitical tensions with states or actors allied with designated persons (e.g., Russia or local politi…
  • FamiliesRaises civil liberties and due-process concerns for listed individuals (asset freezes and visa revocations are executiv…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Scope and use of executive discretion: all personas want effectiveness and oversight, but liberals emphasize transparency and human-rights safeguards while conservatives worry about unchecked expansion of executive powe…
Progressive85%

A mainstream progressive is likely to view this bill largely favorably because it uses targeted sanctions to defend Bosnia and Herzegovina’s sovereignty, protect multi-ethnic institutions, and hold corrupt or destabilizing actors accountable.

They will appreciate explicit support for the Dayton Accords, calls to condemn Russian interference, and humanitarian exceptions that limit harm to civilians.

However, they may be concerned about over-reliance on sanctions without parallel diplomatic and institution-building measures, potential for inadvertent harm to ordinary people or aid operations, and whether the design includes robust human-rights and anti-corruption conditionality tied to relief.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

A moderate/centrist is likely to view the bill as a measured, targeted tool to protect Bosnia and Herzegovina’s sovereignty and deter bad actors while preserving executive flexibility.

They will value the recurring reporting requirement, the use of established authorities (IEEPA), and humanitarian exceptions, but will be attentive to specifics of implementation, oversight, and costs.

Their support is conditional on clear standards, predictable processes, and assurances that sanctions are paired with diplomatic engagement and do not unduly burden U.S. financial institutions or humanitarian operations.

Leans supportive
Conservative60%

A mainstream conservative is likely to welcome a bill that authorizes firm measures to protect Bosnia and Herzegovina’s territorial integrity and to counter Russian influence in the Western Balkans.

They will appreciate visa bans and asset-blocking as direct pressure on malign actors and the preservation of existing Executive Orders.

At the same time, some conservatives will be wary of expanding executive sanctions authorities and of potential economic impacts on U.S. banks and businesses; they may also question entanglement in regional disputes without clear U.S. national-security stakes.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Judged by content alone, the bill is a targeted, conventional sanctions statute with modest domestic fiscal impact and several compromise features that make it plausible to build a coalition. However, mandatory sanctioning language, codification of executive orders, and the potential for diplomatic pushback raise political and procedural hurdles—especially in the Senate—so passage is plausible but far from assured without further negotiation or strategic packaging.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • How much bipartisan support this specific framing will attract in each chamber—sanctions often cross party lines, but some Members may object for diplomatic or separation-of-powers reasons.
  • Whether the administration (current or future) will support a statutory mandate that directs mandatory imposition of sanctions upon listing, or will seek modifications; executive pushback could affect momentum.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Scope and use of executive discretion: all personas want effectiveness and oversight, but liberals emphasize transparency and human-rights…

Judged by content alone, the bill is a targeted, conventional sanctions statute with modest domestic fiscal impact and several compromise f…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a well-constructed substantive sanctions statute that specifies objectives, listing criteria, sanctions authorities, exceptions, and implementation timelines, and…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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