H.R. 427 (119th)Bill Overview

Interstate Commerce Simplification Act of 2025

Taxation|Taxation
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 15, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends a provision of Public Law 86–272 to broaden the federal protection against State taxation tied to solicitation of orders. It revises statutory language to treat as "solicitation of orders" any business activity that facilitates solicitation even if the activity also has independent business value.

Why people may split

Liberals emphasize state revenue loss and public service impacts

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrow substantive amendment to expand the protection under Public Law 86–272 by adding a broad definition of 'solicitation of orders.' The legal effect is identifiable, but drafting shortcomings and missing execution details reduce clarity and enforceability.

This bill amends a provision of Public Law 86–272 to broaden the federal protection against State taxation tied to solicitation of orders.

It revises statutory language to treat as "solicitation of orders" any business activity that facilitates solicitation even if the activity also has independent business value.

The change expands the range of in‑state activities that would not create state tax exposure related to solicitation.

Passage35/100

Legally narrow but fiscally meaningful; could pass a pro-business House but faces substantial Senate and state resistance absent compromise or offsets.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrow substantive amendment to expand the protection under Public Law 86–272 by adding a broad definition of 'solicitation of orders.' The legal effect is identifiable, but drafting shortcomings and missing execution details reduce clarity and enforceability.

Contention70/100

Liberals emphasize state revenue loss and public service impacts

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
StatesStates · Taxpayers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • StatesLimits states' ability to tax activities that facilitate order solicitation, reducing businesses' multi-state income ta…
  • StatesReduces compliance and litigation costs for businesses operating across state lines by clarifying protected activities.
  • StatesExpands safe-harbor predictability for remote sellers and distributors, potentially encouraging interstate sales growth.
Likely burdened
  • StatesReduces state tax revenue from businesses performing facilitative sales activities, potentially creating budget shortfa…
  • TaxpayersShifts tax burdens onto residents or other taxpayers if states offset lost business tax revenue.
  • StatesWeakens states' authority to enforce tax nexus rules and to tax in-state economic activity.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize state revenue loss and public service impacts
Progressive25%

Likely skeptical.

They would view the change as a federal limitation on state taxing authority that could reduce local revenues funding social programs.

They would also worry the expansion primarily benefits larger firms and erodes states' ability to tax in‑state economic activity.

Likely resistant
Centrist50%

Mixed/pragmatic.

They would acknowledge the benefits of clarity and reduced compliance burdens but worry about fiscal impacts on states and fairness.

They would favor amendments ensuring revenue neutrality or limited scope.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Supportive.

They would view the bill as protecting interstate commerce from burdensome and inconsistent state taxation, lowering compliance costs, and limiting state overreach.

They would favor broad federal standards to prevent state interference.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Legally narrow but fiscally meaningful; could pass a pro-business House but faces substantial Senate and state resistance absent compromise or offsets.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No Congressional Budget Office cost estimate included
  • Magnitude of state revenue impact is unspecified
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize state revenue loss and public service impacts

Legally narrow but fiscally meaningful; could pass a pro-business House but faces substantial Senate and state resistance absent compromise…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a narrow substantive amendment to expand the protection under Public Law 86–272 by adding a broad definition of 'solicitation of orders.' The legal effect is ident…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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