H.R. 4402 (119th)Bill Overview

DASHBOARD Act of 2025

Finance and Financial Sector|Finance and Financial Sector
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jul 15, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Financial Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case f…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill (DASHBOARD Act of 2025) requires commercial data operators and certain publicly reporting companies that derive material revenue from user data to disclose the value and uses of user data and to give users routine information and deletion controls. It directs commercial data operators to provide each user, at least every 90 days, an assessment of the economic value the operator places on that user’s data and clear disclosures about what data are collected and how data are used beyond the core service, and to provide user-accessible deletion mechanisms subject to limited legal and security exceptions.

Why people may split

Scope and thresholds: liberals want broader coverage and stronger rights; conservatives prefer higher thresholds and narrower scope.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes substantive legal obligations (new disclosure and consumer data-handling duties), integrates those obligations into existing statutes, and assigns regulatory execution to the FTC and SEC with several concrete deadlines and enumerated disclosure items.

This bill (DASHBOARD Act of 2025) requires commercial data operators and certain publicly reporting companies that derive material revenue from user data to disclose the value and uses of user data and to give users routine information and deletion controls.

It directs commercial data operators to provide each user, at least every 90 days, an assessment of the economic value the operator places on that user’s data and clear disclosures about what data are collected and how data are used beyond the core service, and to provide user-accessible deletion mechanisms subject to limited legal and security exceptions.

The Federal Trade Commission must adopt regulations implementing the user-facing requirements within one year and enforce violations as unfair or deceptive acts, while the Securities and Exchange Commission must require covered issuers to disclose aggregate values of user data (if material), adopt valuation methodologies, and expand financial-reporting disclosures about data-related measures, risks, revenues, contracts, and acquisitions; the SEC must also report to Congress and follow up with rulemaking.

Passage40/100

On content alone, the bill is targeted and technical enough to win some support (consumer transparency, limited covered population, staged rulemakings), but it reaches into contentious terrain—valuation of user data, expanded disclosure obligations for large platforms, and new enforcement roles—that draws strong industry opposition and raises accounting/implementation challenges. The need for durable, cross-branch technical rulemaking and potential legal challenges further reduce near-term enactment chances.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes substantive legal obligations (new disclosure and consumer data-handling duties), integrates those obligations into existing statutes, and assigns regulatory execution to the FTC and SEC with several concrete deadlines and enumerated disclosure items.

Contention58/100

Scope and thresholds: liberals want broader coverage and stronger rights; conservatives prefer higher thresholds and narrower scope.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
ConsumersConsumers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreased transparency for investors and markets by requiring public disclosure of the aggregate value of user data and…
  • ConsumersGreater consumer control and privacy protections from required periodic notices about data uses and a clear mechanism t…
  • Potential benefitImproved corporate governance and risk management as firms inventory data assets, adopt valuation practices, and disclo…
Likely burdened
  • ConsumersNew reporting, valuation, and consumer-notice requirements will impose compliance and administrative costs on covered f…
  • Potential burdenMandated disclosure of aggregate data value, revenue tied to data, large contracts, and acquisitions could force firms…
  • Potential burdenValuing user data is technically and conceptually difficult; inconsistent or unreliable valuations could mislead invest…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Scope and thresholds: liberals want broader coverage and stronger rights; conservatives prefer higher thresholds and narrower scope.
Progressive75%

A mainstream liberal would generally view the bill as a positive step toward corporate accountability, consumer empowerment, and transparency about how companies monetize personal data.

They would appreciate mandated user notices, deletion controls, and SEC disclosures that bring investor scrutiny to data-driven business models.

However, they would likely see the bill as only a partial win because the user-deletion exceptions, high company-size threshold (100 million monthly users), and reliance on regulator rulemaking could limit reach and effectiveness.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

A centrist or moderate would generally see this bill as a pragmatic effort to increase transparency for investors and consumers without upending existing business models.

They would appreciate the measured approach—agency rulemaking, defined scope tied to large-scale operators, and specific reporting lines—while being cautious about implementation costs and feasibility of valuing data.

They would look for clear timelines, robust cost-benefit analysis, and careful rule design to avoid unnecessary burdens on companies or gaps in consumer protection.

Split reaction
Conservative25%

A mainstream conservative would likely oppose much of the bill as an expansion of federal regulatory authority over private businesses, especially due to added SEC and FTC rulemaking and the potential disclosure of commercially sensitive information.

They would accept the goal of transparency for investors in principle but worry that mandated valuation of data and frequent user notices impose heavy compliance burdens, risk disclosure of trade secrets, and create competitive disadvantages.

They would push to limit scope, protect proprietary information, and require stronger limits on agency power and costs.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood40/100

On content alone, the bill is targeted and technical enough to win some support (consumer transparency, limited covered population, staged rulemakings), but it reaches into contentious terrain—valuation of user data, expanded disclosure obligations for large platforms, and new enforcement roles—that draws strong industry opposition and raises accounting/implementation challenges. The need for durable, cross-branch technical rulemaking and potential legal challenges further reduce near-term enactment chances.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • How regulators (FTC and SEC) would define and operationalize the valuation methodology; this is central to implementation but left to future rulemaking and standards bodies.
  • The practical scope created by the 100,000,000 unique monthly U.S. users threshold—how many firms would be covered and whether the threshold or definitions will be contested in rulemaking or litigation.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Scope and thresholds: liberals want broader coverage and stronger rights; conservatives prefer higher thresholds and narrower scope.

On content alone, the bill is targeted and technical enough to win some support (consumer transparency, limited covered population, staged…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill establishes substantive legal obligations (new disclosure and consumer data-handling duties), integrates those obligations into existing statutes, and assigns regulat…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis