H.R. 4478 (119th)Bill Overview

TRUST Act of 2025

Finance and Financial Sector|Bank accounts, deposits, capitalBanking and financial institutions regulation
Sponsor
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Jul 17, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 209.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill (TRUST Act of 2025) amends section 10(d) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to raise a statutory asset threshold from $3,000,000,000 to $6,000,000,000. As written, the change permits Federal banking agencies to examine qualifying insured depository institutions with total assets under $6 billion not less than once during each 18-month period.

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize increased risk to depositors and systemic stability from less frequent exams; conservatives emphasize reduced regulatory burden and support for community banks.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, targeted amendment to existing supervisory statute that clearly and specifically changes numeric thresholds in identified statutory subsections.

This bill (TRUST Act of 2025) amends section 10(d) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to raise a statutory asset threshold from $3,000,000,000 to $6,000,000,000.

As written, the change permits Federal banking agencies to examine qualifying insured depository institutions with total assets under $6 billion not less than once during each 18-month period.

The amendment replaces both instances of the $3 billion threshold in the cited statute with $6 billion.

Passage65/100

On content alone, this is a focused, low-cost, administratively simple deregulatory tweak that benefits a clearly defined group and does not involve divisive social policy or major spending. Those features historically increase the chances of enactment. The absence of sunsets or pilots and potential safety-and-soundness objections introduce some resistance, particularly in the Senate, so the bill looks moderately likely to become law but not assured.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, targeted amendment to existing supervisory statute that clearly and specifically changes numeric thresholds in identified statutory subsections. The drafting is precise in textual substitution and direct integration with the Federal Deposit Insurance Act but omits fiscal, transitional, and oversight details.

Contention65/100

Progressives emphasize increased risk to depositors and systemic stability from less frequent exams; conservatives emphasize reduced regulatory burden and support for community banks.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · CommunitiesConsumers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces direct compliance and examination costs for banks with assets between $3 billion and $6 billion by allowing les…
  • Federal agenciesAllows federal banking agencies to reallocate examiner resources away from routine examinations of smaller, well‑manage…
  • CommunitiesMay improve competitiveness and expand growth flexibility for regional community banks that fall under the higher thres…
Likely burdened
  • ConsumersLess‑frequent on‑site examinations could delay detection of safety‑and‑soundness, compliance, or consumer‑protection pr…
  • Potential burdenExpanding the cohort of institutions subject to longer exam cycles may increase systemic vulnerability if a problem at…
  • Potential burdenMay encourage regulatory arbitrage or growth strategies that keep institutions just below more frequent‑examination thr…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize increased risk to depositors and systemic stability from less frequent exams; conservatives emphasize reduced regulatory burden and support for community banks.
Progressive25%

A mainstream liberal/left-leaning observer would likely view this as a deregulatory shift that reduces supervisory intensity for a larger group of banks.

They would be concerned that doubling the threshold to $6 billion could decrease oversight of mid‑sized institutions that may pose risks to depositors and the financial system, especially if the bill does not add compensating safeguards.

They might acknowledge potential administrative relief for small community banks, but would prioritize consumer protections and systemic stability.

Likely resistant
Centrist60%

A pragmatic centrist would see this as a modest, targeted regulatory relief intended to reduce burden on smaller institutions and let agencies prioritize higher‑risk entities.

They would generally favor streamlining where it is evidence‑based but seek data and sunset or reporting requirements to ensure safety and accountability.

The centrist perspective balances cost savings and efficiency against the need to avoid unintended financial stability risks and would look for guardrails in implementation.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

A mainstream conservative would generally view this as a welcome reduction in regulatory burden that helps community and regional banks by reducing the frequency of examinations for banks under $6 billion.

They would emphasize that less frequent exams lower costs, encourage local lending, and allow agencies to focus on the largest and riskiest institutions.

They are likely to support the statutory change as a commonsense update to modernize supervision and reduce unnecessary federal intrusion on smaller institutions.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood65/100

On content alone, this is a focused, low-cost, administratively simple deregulatory tweak that benefits a clearly defined group and does not involve divisive social policy or major spending. Those features historically increase the chances of enactment. The absence of sunsets or pilots and potential safety-and-soundness objections introduce some resistance, particularly in the Senate, so the bill looks moderately likely to become law but not assured.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No congressional cost estimate (e.g., CBO) is included in the text; the fiscal impact and any modest changes in supervisory resource needs are therefore unclear.
  • The bill text does not state whether regulators (FDIC, OCC, Federal Reserve) support the change; agency views on safety-and-soundness implications are an important unknown.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize increased risk to depositors and systemic stability from less frequent exams; conservatives emphasize reduced regula…

On content alone, this is a focused, low-cost, administratively simple deregulatory tweak that benefits a clearly defined group and does no…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, targeted amendment to existing supervisory statute that clearly and specifically changes numeric thresholds in identified statutory subsections. The dra…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis