H.R. 4545 (119th)Bill Overview

Medicare Breast Reconstruction Access and Information Act

Health|Health
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jul 17, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for c…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to add a requirement that, for any mastectomy furnished to a Medicare beneficiary on or after one year after enactment, the supplier must (1) inform the individual that breast reconstruction following a medically necessary mastectomy is covered under Medicare pursuant to national coverage determination 140.2, and (2) document that this information was provided in the patient’s medical record. The bill conditions Medicare payment for the mastectomy on the supplier having provided and documented that information prior to the procedure.

Why people may split

Whether conditioning Medicare payment on pre-procedure counseling and documentation is an appropriate federal requirement (liberals/centrists generally comfortable; conservatives see overreach).

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory amendment that conditions Medicare payment for mastectomy on a supplier's prior disclosure and documentation that reconstruction is covered.

The bill amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to add a requirement that, for any mastectomy furnished to a Medicare beneficiary on or after one year after enactment, the supplier must (1) inform the individual that breast reconstruction following a medically necessary mastectomy is covered under Medicare pursuant to national coverage determination 140.2, and (2) document that this information was provided in the patient’s medical record.

The bill conditions Medicare payment for the mastectomy on the supplier having provided and documented that information prior to the procedure.

Passage65/100

Content-wise this is a modest, administratively focused change that addresses patient notice and documentation for an existing covered benefit—characteristics that make passage more likely than for broad, costly, or ideologically charged measures. The short, clear text and limited fiscal impact reduce barriers. Remaining risks are procedural (committee processing, Senate scheduling) and potential stakeholder pushback on payment-conditioning and documentation burdens.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory amendment that conditions Medicare payment for mastectomy on a supplier's prior disclosure and documentation that reconstruction is covered. It effectively creates a new provider obligation and a payment condition with a one‑year lead time.

Contention55/100

Whether conditioning Medicare payment on pre-procedure counseling and documentation is an appropriate federal requirement (liberals/centrists generally comfortable; conservatives see overreach).

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases patient awareness of Medicare coverage for post-mastectomy breast reconstruction, which could improve informe…
  • Potential benefitMay reduce disparities in access to reconstruction by ensuring that all Medicare patients receive consistent notice of…
  • Potential benefitCould lead to modest increases in utilization of reconstructive surgery and associated clinical services (surgeons, ope…
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenAdds administrative and documentation burden on providers and facilities who perform mastectomies, potentially increasi…
  • Potential burdenIntroduces a payment-withholding enforcement mechanism (denial of Medicare payment for the mastectomy if information is…
  • Potential burdenCreates operational uncertainties about what constitutes adequate 'informing' and documentation (e.g., verbal versus wr…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Whether conditioning Medicare payment on pre-procedure counseling and documentation is an appropriate federal requirement (liberals/centrists generally comfortable; conservatives see overreach).
Progressive90%

A liberal or left-leaning observer would likely view this bill positively as a patient-rights and access measure that helps ensure Medicare beneficiaries know they have coverage for breast reconstruction after a medically necessary mastectomy.

They would see it as addressing information gaps and health-equity concerns that can disproportionately affect marginalized groups.

They may want stronger language or additional provisions to ensure culturally competent communication, outreach, and monitoring of compliance to protect vulnerable patients.

Leans supportive
Centrist80%

A centrist or moderate observer would likely view the bill as a targeted, pragmatic measure to ensure beneficiaries are informed about an existing Medicare-covered option.

They would appreciate that it does not expand benefits but imposes a prepayment informational step to promote informed choice.

However, they would be attentive to potential administrative burdens, implementation details (who is the 'supplier', acceptable documentation), and unintended effects like payment denials or treatment delays.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

A mainstream conservative observer would likely be skeptical of tying Medicare payment to a new federal paperwork requirement that prescribes pre-procedure counseling content and documentation.

They may agree with the goal of informing patients but worry the bill expands federal micromanagement of clinical practice and increases administrative burdens on providers.

They would be particularly concerned that failure to meet the requirement could result in denied payments and that the statute does not specify exceptions, enforcement mechanisms, or liability protections.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood65/100

Content-wise this is a modest, administratively focused change that addresses patient notice and documentation for an existing covered benefit—characteristics that make passage more likely than for broad, costly, or ideologically charged measures. The short, clear text and limited fiscal impact reduce barriers. Remaining risks are procedural (committee processing, Senate scheduling) and potential stakeholder pushback on payment-conditioning and documentation burdens.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or budgetary analysis is included in the text; the fiscal impact on Medicare outlays or administrative costs is uncertain.
  • The bill does not define key terms (e.g., 'supplier', the required content or format of the 'inform' step), which may generate disputes during implementation or rulemaking by CMS.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Whether conditioning Medicare payment on pre-procedure counseling and documentation is an appropriate federal requirement (liberals/centris…

Content-wise this is a modest, administratively focused change that addresses patient notice and documentation for an existing covered bene…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise statutory amendment that conditions Medicare payment for mastectomy on a supplier's prior disclosure and documentation that reconstruction is covered. It…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis