H.R. 494 (119th)Bill Overview

To amend the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 to make improvements to the Federal Cyber Scholarship for Service Program, and for other purposes.

Science, Technology, Communications|Science, Technology, Communications
Cosponsors
Support
Unknown
Introduced
Jan 16, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 to change program terms for the Federal Cyber Scholarship for Service Program. It extends a 3-year reference to 5 years in subsection (c) and revises subsection (j) to state that the full amount of a loan described in subsection (i) is treated regardless of limitations under Part D of Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965.

Why people may split

Length of required service: retention benefit vs recruitment deterrent

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a targeted statutory amendment that clearly identifies specific changes to the Federal Cyber Scholarship for Service Program (changing a term from 3 to 5 years and altering the statutory treatment of a loan described in subsection (i)).

This bill amends Section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 to change program terms for the Federal Cyber Scholarship for Service Program.

It extends a 3-year reference to 5 years in subsection (c) and revises subsection (j) to state that the full amount of a loan described in subsection (i) is treated regardless of limitations under Part D of Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965.

The changes appear aimed at lengthening a specified term and ensuring full coverage or treatment of certain student loans within the scholarship program.

Passage42/100

Technocratic, narrow changes improve an existing program so chance is above minimal; potential fiscal implications and procedural hurdles lower probability.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a targeted statutory amendment that clearly identifies specific changes to the Federal Cyber Scholarship for Service Program (changing a term from 3 to 5 years and altering the statutory treatment of a loan described in subsection (i)).

Contention50/100

Length of required service: retention benefit vs recruitment deterrent

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · StudentsFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesIncreases federal cybersecurity workforce continuity by lengthening the service commitment to five years.
  • StudentsMakes the scholarship more attractive by guaranteeing full repayment of covered student loans.
  • Federal agenciesImproves federal agencies' ability to recruit and retain skilled cybersecurity personnel long-term.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenLonger service obligations may deter applicants who prefer private sector mobility or shorter commitments.
  • Federal agenciesGuaranteeing full loan repayment could increase federal expenditures for the scholarship program.
  • Potential burdenOverriding or bypassing existing Title IV loan limitations may create administrative and legal complexity.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Length of required service: retention benefit vs recruitment deterrent
Progressive85%

This persona will likely view the bill positively as strengthening federal investment in cybersecurity workforce development and reducing student debt barriers.

They will welcome clearer protection or coverage of loans and a longer commitment that can deepen federal workforce retention.

Concerns would focus on equity, ensuring underserved students can access the program and that longer service obligations do not unfairly burden recipients.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

A pragmatic centrist will generally support improving a federal cyber scholarship program but will be attentive to fiscal and implementation details.

They will value clearer loan-treatment language and improved retention if the program is cost-effective.

They will want transparency on added costs, oversight provisions, and whether the change actually improves recruitment.

Leans supportive
Conservative35%

A mainstream conservative will view workforce development positively but approach these changes skeptically because they expand federal obligations and may bypass Title IV loan limits.

They will be concerned about increased federal spending, precedent for ignoring HEA limits, and longer service commitments tying students to government employment.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood42/100

Technocratic, narrow changes improve an existing program so chance is above minimal; potential fiscal implications and procedural hurdles lower probability.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No CBO cost estimate provided in text
  • Exact fiscal impact of 'full amount' loan coverage unclear
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Length of required service: retention benefit vs recruitment deterrent

Technocratic, narrow changes improve an existing program so chance is above minimal; potential fiscal implications and procedural hurdles l…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a targeted statutory amendment that clearly identifies specific changes to the Federal Cyber Scholarship for Service Program (changing a term from 3 to 5 years and…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis