H.R. 5150 (119th)Bill Overview

Protecting Agricultural Borrower Information Act

Agriculture and Food|Agriculture and Food
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Sep 4, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageIntroduced

Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR H3883)

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill (Protecting Agricultural Borrower Information Act) amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to make it unlawful for the Secretary of Agriculture or any Farm Service Agency (FSA) officer or employee to disclose information provided by an applicant or recipient of FSA loans or payments to (A) special government employees (as defined in 18 U.S.C. 202) or (B) government employees detailed to the FSA under 5 U.S.C. 3341. It creates two exceptions: disclosures of de-identified statistical or aggregate information and disclosures made with the voluntary consent of the provider (where consent is not a condition of program participation).

Why people may split

Scope and operational impact: liberals and centrists emphasize borrower privacy and statistical exceptions, while conservatives worry the prohibition will impede use of detailees, consultants, and necessary interagency assistance.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, narrowly targeted statutory amendment that creates a new prohibition and penalty to strengthen privacy protections for FSA borrowers and recipients.

This bill (Protecting Agricultural Borrower Information Act) amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to make it unlawful for the Secretary of Agriculture or any Farm Service Agency (FSA) officer or employee to disclose information provided by an applicant or recipient of FSA loans or payments to (A) special government employees (as defined in 18 U.S.C. 202) or (B) government employees detailed to the FSA under 5 U.S.C. 3341.

It creates two exceptions: disclosures of de-identified statistical or aggregate information and disclosures made with the voluntary consent of the provider (where consent is not a condition of program participation).

The bill establishes criminal penalties for knowing violations — a fine up to $10,000, imprisonment up to one year, or both.

Passage45/100

On content alone the bill is narrow and administratively focused, which tends to improve prospects compared with sweeping or costly measures. However, the criminal penalty, the specific ban on disclosures to SGEs and detailees, and the notable omission of express oversight/whistleblower exceptions introduce legal and procedural concerns that are likely to prompt amendment or resistance—reducing the chance it would pass in its current form and become law without changes.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, narrowly targeted statutory amendment that creates a new prohibition and penalty to strengthen privacy protections for FSA borrowers and recipients. It succeeds at stating a clear primary legal rule and limited exceptions but omits definitional clarity, enforcement procedures, integration with other disclosure laws, administrative remedies, and resourcing details.

Contention50/100

Scope and operational impact: liberals and centrists emphasize borrower privacy and statistical exceptions, while conservatives worry the prohibition will impede use of detailees, consultants, and necessary interagency assistance.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Borrowers · Permitting processFederal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • BorrowersStrengthens borrower privacy by legally restricting access to individual-level loan and payment data, which supporters…
  • Potential benefitMay increase confidence among applicants and recipients that their financial and program participation information will…
  • Permitting processClarifies acceptable disclosure limits by permitting anonymized, statistical reporting and voluntary consent-based shar…
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesCould reduce FSA access to outside experts, detailees, and interagency personnel who currently assist with program deli…
  • Potential burdenMay increase administrative costs and compliance burden (training, consent procedures, access controls) for FSA and lea…
  • Federal agenciesThe criminal penalty for knowing violations could create a chilling effect that inhibits legitimate information sharing…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Scope and operational impact: liberals and centrists emphasize borrower privacy and statistical exceptions, while conservatives worry the prohibition will impede use of detailees, consultants, and necessary interagency…
Progressive80%

A mainstream progressive would likely welcome the bill's stated goal of protecting private borrower information and limiting sharing with outside contractors or temporary outside personnel, seeing it as a safeguard for farmers' privacy and a response to past data misuse concerns.

They would note the helpful de-identification exception for statistical uses, and appreciate that consent must not be coerced as a condition of program participation.

However, they may want stronger civil remedies, clearer restrictions on private-sector contractors, and explicit protections against discriminatory uses of shared data.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

A pragmatic moderate would generally view the bill as a reasonable step to strengthen borrower privacy for FSA program participants, appreciating the clear prohibitions and de-identification exception.

They would also be attentive to potential operational impacts: whether restricting disclosure to special government employees or detailees hampers interagency assistance, advisory committees, or technical support that the FSA relies on.

Centrists would likely want clarifications or narrow amendments to ensure oversight (IG/GAO), emergency sharing, and program administration are not unintentionally blocked, and might prefer calibrating penalties and compliance processes.

Split reaction
Conservative45%

A mainstream conservative would likely agree with the goal of protecting individual farmer privacy and preventing sensitive borrower data from being shared with outside temporary personnel or consultants.

At the same time, they would be concerned that the bill could limit the FSA's ability to obtain outside expertise, coordinate with other agencies, or permit effective oversight by Inspectors General or Congress.

They may also view criminal penalties for agency employees as heavy-handed and worry about added bureaucratic constraints that affect program efficiency.

Split reaction
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Still ahead

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

On content alone the bill is narrow and administratively focused, which tends to improve prospects compared with sweeping or costly measures. However, the criminal penalty, the specific ban on disclosures to SGEs and detailees, and the notable omission of express oversight/whistleblower exceptions introduce legal and procedural concerns that are likely to prompt amendment or resistance—reducing the chance it would pass in its current form and become law without changes.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether committee and floor drafters would add explicit exceptions for disclosures to Inspectors General, Congress, or protected whistleblower channels (the current text lacks these and that omission is likely to drive amendment activity).
  • How agencies and DOJ would interpret and enforce the knowing-violation criminal standard in practice, and whether prosecutors would treat this as a priority offense.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Scope and operational impact: liberals and centrists emphasize borrower privacy and statistical exceptions, while conservatives worry the p…

On content alone the bill is narrow and administratively focused, which tends to improve prospects compared with sweeping or costly measure…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a concise, narrowly targeted statutory amendment that creates a new prohibition and penalty to strengthen privacy protections for FSA borrowers and recipients. It…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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