H.R. 594 (119th)Bill Overview

Detain and Deport Illegal Aliens Who Assault Cops Act

Immigration|Immigration
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 21, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill amends INA section 236(c) to require detention and issuance of DHS detainers for certain noncitizens inadmissible under specified grounds who are charged with, arrested for, convicted of, or admit acts that constitute assault on a law enforcement officer. It defines covered assaults as those during official duties, because of duties, or because of officer status, and defines law enforcement officer to include police, prosecutors, firefighters, and other first responders.

Why people may split

Due process: liberals emphasize bond/hearing concerns; conservatives accept mandatory detention

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory amendment that clearly targets detention authority for aliens who assault law enforcement officers and integrates into INA section 236(c).

The bill amends INA section 236(c) to require detention and issuance of DHS detainers for certain noncitizens inadmissible under specified grounds who are charged with, arrested for, convicted of, or admit acts that constitute assault on a law enforcement officer.

It defines covered assaults as those during official duties, because of duties, or because of officer status, and defines law enforcement officer to include police, prosecutors, firefighters, and other first responders.

DHS must take custody of such aliens if not already detained by other authorities.

Passage35/100

Narrow statutory tweak favors enforcement but raises civil‑liberty, fiscal, and litigation issues; such measures often clear the House but struggle in the Senate and in court.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory amendment that clearly targets detention authority for aliens who assault law enforcement officers and integrates into INA section 236(c).

Contention75/100

Due process: liberals emphasize bond/hearing concerns; conservatives accept mandatory detention

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agencies · Local governmentsFederal agencies · Local governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesCreates a statutory basis for mandatory federal detention of inadmissible aliens accused of assaulting officers.
  • Potential benefitClarifies that firefighters and other first responders are included among protected law enforcement officers.
  • Local governmentsRequires DHS to issue detainers and assume custody, reducing release gaps after local jurisdiction decisions.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesLikely increases federal detention costs and demand for immigration detention bed space.
  • Local governmentsMay reduce state and local discretion over custody and create intergovernmental operational friction.
  • Potential burdenRaises civil liberties concerns about mandatory custody without individualized bail assessments or prompt judicial revi…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Due process: liberals emphasize bond/hearing concerns; conservatives accept mandatory detention
Progressive25%

Likely critical overall.

Supports protecting officers, but worries this law expands mandatory detention and allows detention based on charges or admissions without conviction.

Concerned about due process, racial profiling, asylum seekers, and civil liberties.

Likely resistant
Centrist60%

Mixed but cautiously favorable.

Sees legitimate public-safety rationale for prioritizing assaults on officers, but wants procedural safeguards, implementation details, cost estimates, and protections for asylum applicants.

Would seek bipartisan clarifications.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Generally supportive.

Frames the bill as closing enforcement gaps, protecting law enforcement, and ensuring swift custody and removal of inadmissible offenders.

Sees it as restoring public safety and immigration enforcement priorities.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Narrow statutory tweak favors enforcement but raises civil‑liberty, fiscal, and litigation issues; such measures often clear the House but struggle in the Senate and in court.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or funding mechanism provided
  • Scope of 'admit' and pretrial detention legal challenges
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Due process: liberals emphasize bond/hearing concerns; conservatives accept mandatory detention

Narrow statutory tweak favors enforcement but raises civil‑liberty, fiscal, and litigation issues; such measures often clear the House but…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a substantive statutory amendment that clearly targets detention authority for aliens who assault law enforcement officers and integrates into INA section 236(c).

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis