H.R. 635 (119th)Bill Overview

WaterSMART Access for Tribes Act

Native Americans|Federal-Indian relationsIndian lands and resources rights
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 22, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

Amends the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 to let the Secretary reduce or waive the non‑Federal cost share for WaterSMART grants and agreements with Indian Tribes when the Secretary determines that paying the non‑Federal share would cause financial hardship for the Tribe, increasing the Federal share accordingly.

Why people may split

Support for increased federal responsibility vs. protecting cost‑sharing norms.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that creates new substantive grant‑funding authority (a discretionary waiver of non‑Federal cost shares for Indian Tribes) and assigns implementation responsibility to the Secretary.

Amends the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 to let the Secretary reduce or waive the non‑Federal cost share for WaterSMART grants and agreements with Indian Tribes when the Secretary determines that paying the non‑Federal share would cause financial hardship for the Tribe, increasing the Federal share accordingly.

Passage70/100

Small, administrative grant tweak benefiting tribes with limited cost and clear policy rationale increases odds, though requires committee and floor action.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that creates new substantive grant‑funding authority (a discretionary waiver of non‑Federal cost shares for Indian Tribes) and assigns implementation responsibility to the Secretary. The bill clearly states its objective and amends a specific provision of existing law, but it leaves key operational elements underspecified.

Contention65/100

Support for increased federal responsibility vs. protecting cost‑sharing norms.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesFederal agencies · Local governments

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases Tribal access to WaterSMART grants by removing matching fund barriers for financially-hardship tribes.
  • Federal agenciesEnables more water infrastructure and conservation projects to proceed without full non-Federal contributions.
  • Potential benefitPotentially improves water reliability and environmental outcomes through additional funded efficiency projects.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesIncreases potential federal spending by shifting a greater share of project costs to the Federal government.
  • Potential burdenCreates discretionary waiver decisions and additional administrative workload to assess Tribal financial hardship claim…
  • Local governmentsMay reduce incentives for local cost-sharing and leverage of other non-Federal funders.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Support for increased federal responsibility vs. protecting cost‑sharing norms.
Progressive90%

Likely broadly supportive: this lowers barriers for Tribal access to federal water conservation and infrastructure funds and advances equity.

It recognizes financial hardship and increases federal responsibility to meet Tribal needs.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Cautious support is likely: the policy reduces administrative barriers and targets assistance, but needs clear standards and fiscal controls.

Support depends on implementation details and accountability measures.

Leans supportive
Conservative30%

Likely skeptical: supports Tribal sovereignty in principle, but opposes expanding federal cost‑sharing waivers.

Concerns focus on precedent, fairness, and fiscal impact of increasing federal shares.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood70/100

Small, administrative grant tweak benefiting tribes with limited cost and clear policy rationale increases odds, though requires committee and floor action.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No Congressional Budget Office cost estimate in text
  • How broadly 'financial hardship' will be interpreted administratively
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Support for increased federal responsibility vs. protecting cost‑sharing norms.

Small, administrative grant tweak benefiting tribes with limited cost and clear policy rationale increases odds, though requires committee…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused statutory amendment that creates new substantive grant‑funding authority (a discretionary waiver of non‑Federal cost shares for Indian Tribes) and assign…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis