H.R. 664 (119th)Bill Overview

American Seabed Protection Act

Energy|Energy
Sponsor
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jan 23, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageIntroduced

Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR E86-87)

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

The bill (American Seabed Protection Act) bars U.S. issuance of licenses, permits, or authorizations for exploration or commercial recovery of hard-mineral resources on the deep seabed and for exploration, development, or production of hardrock minerals on the Outer Continental Shelf, while exempting scientific research. It directs the Secretary of Commerce to contract with the National Academies to study environmental impacts and alternatives, and to report findings to specified Congressional committees.

Why people may split

Left emphasizes environmental and biodiversity protection

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill presents a clear substantive prohibition on issuing new authorizations for deep seabed and Outer Continental Shelf hardrock mineral activities while mandating a National Academies study; it is well integrated with existing statutes but provides minimal fiscal and operational detail required for comprehensive implementation.

The bill (American Seabed Protection Act) bars U.S. issuance of licenses, permits, or authorizations for exploration or commercial recovery of hard-mineral resources on the deep seabed and for exploration, development, or production of hardrock minerals on the Outer Continental Shelf, while exempting scientific research.

It directs the Secretary of Commerce to contract with the National Academies to study environmental impacts and alternatives, and to report findings to specified Congressional committees.

The study must characterize ecosystems, assess impacts (habitat, species, carbon sequestration, sediment plumes, greenhouse gas emissions), evaluate effects on users and indigenous peoples, and analyze alternatives such as recycling and substitutes.

Passage35/100

Technically straightforward and narrowly focused, but politically sensitive to industry and strategic interests; modest chance absent broad bipartisan support.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill presents a clear substantive prohibition on issuing new authorizations for deep seabed and Outer Continental Shelf hardrock mineral activities while mandating a National Academies study; it is well integrated with existing statutes but provides minimal fiscal and operational detail required for comprehensive implementation.

Contention65/100

Left emphasizes environmental and biodiversity protection

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governmentsLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitProtects marine ecosystems and biodiversity by preventing large-scale deep seabed and OCS hardrock mining.
  • Potential benefitReduces risk to commercial and recreational fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism dependent on healthy ocean environments.
  • Local governmentsLowers potential long-term environmental cleanup and restoration costs for federal and local governments.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenPrevents development of a domestic deep-sea and OCS hardrock mining industry, potentially reducing future mining jobs.
  • Potential burdenLimits domestic access to potential critical minerals, possibly increasing reliance on foreign suppliers and supply ris…
  • Potential burdenCreates regulatory uncertainty and lost investment for companies planning exploration or development under existing sta…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Left emphasizes environmental and biodiversity protection
Progressive95%

Likely strongly supportive because the bill applies the precautionary principle to novel, high-risk seabed mining.

It protects marine biodiversity, fisheries, and deep-ocean carbon storage while requiring a comprehensive scientific assessment before any commercial activity.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally supportive of a science-first moratorium but cautious about economic and strategic implications.

Sees value in the mandated National Academies study, while wanting clarity on supply-chain effects and international coordination.

Leans supportive
Conservative20%

Likely opposed or skeptical because the bill prohibits U.S. resource development and may restrict economic and strategic options.

Views it as federal overreach that could harm domestic industry and increase import dependence.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Still ahead

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Technically straightforward and narrowly focused, but politically sensitive to industry and strategic interests; modest chance absent broad bipartisan support.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Level and coordination of industry opposition
  • National security or critical minerals arguments absent in text
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Left emphasizes environmental and biodiversity protection

Technically straightforward and narrowly focused, but politically sensitive to industry and strategic interests; modest chance absent broad…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill presents a clear substantive prohibition on issuing new authorizations for deep seabed and Outer Continental Shelf hardrock mineral activities while mandating a Natio…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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