H.R. 718 (119th)Bill Overview

Public Lands in Public Hands Act

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Intergovernmental relationsLand transfers
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 23, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Forestry and Horticulture.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill (Public Lands in Public Hands Act) prohibits the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture from transferring title to certain Federal lands to non-Federal entities when those lands are publicly accessible or contiguous to publicly accessible or certain government-owned lands. It creates size-based exceptions (e.g., under 300 acres, or under 5 acres if only water-accessible) and preserves a series of statutory exceptions (for specific Acts and authorized transfers and land exchanges).

Why people may split

Progressives emphasize protecting public access and conservation

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive restriction on federal land disposals with well‑specified core criteria and multiple explicit statutory carve‑outs.

This bill (Public Lands in Public Hands Act) prohibits the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture from transferring title to certain Federal lands to non-Federal entities when those lands are publicly accessible or contiguous to publicly accessible or certain government-owned lands.

It creates size-based exceptions (e.g., under 300 acres, or under 5 acres if only water-accessible) and preserves a series of statutory exceptions (for specific Acts and authorized transfers and land exchanges).

The bill also bars subdividing Federal land to evade acreage minimums and includes a brief statutory-construction clause unrelated to transfer rules.

Passage35/100

Substantive federalization of land‑disposal policy provokes strong stakeholder opposition; exceptions help but likely insufficient to overcome political division.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive restriction on federal land disposals with well‑specified core criteria and multiple explicit statutory carve‑outs. It identifies responsible agencies and addresses a specific evasion risk (subdivision to meet acreage thresholds).

Contention68/100

Progressives emphasize protecting public access and conservation

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Federal agenciesLocal governments · Federal agencies

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesPreserves federal ownership of lands accessible to the public, maintaining long‑term public access.
  • Potential benefitReduces scope for privatization of recreation and conservation lands that support outdoor tourism jobs.
  • Federal agenciesMaintains federal stewardship and consistency in land management and environmental protection.
Likely burdened
  • Local governmentsReduces ability to convey surplus or isolated parcels to local governments or private buyers for local uses.
  • Local governmentsMay lower one‑time federal receipts from land sales and associated local tax base expansions.
  • Federal agenciesCould increase federal maintenance costs by retaining more small publicly accessible parcels.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressives emphasize protecting public access and conservation
Progressive85%

Likely broadly supportive because the bill prevents privatization of publicly accessible federal lands and preserves public access and recreation.

They may note the exceptions and potential ambiguity around transfers to tribes or states as areas needing clarity, but view the overall effect as protecting public lands and conservation values.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Mixed but generally favorable: the bill preserves public access and prevents opportunistic privatization, while also raising practical concerns about flexibility for land management, state cooperation, and routine disposals.

Would want clearer definitions and minimal technical fixes to reduce unintended consequences.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Likely opposed because the bill restricts transfers of federal lands to non-federal parties, limiting state and local control, private stewardship options, and market-based resolution of land-use conflicts.

Views it as another federal constraint on local flexibility and economic use.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Substantive federalization of land‑disposal policy provokes strong stakeholder opposition; exceptions help but likely insufficient to overcome political division.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or fiscal analysis included
  • Unclear total acreage and number of affected parcels
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressives emphasize protecting public access and conservation

Substantive federalization of land‑disposal policy provokes strong stakeholder opposition; exceptions help but likely insufficient to overc…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward substantive restriction on federal land disposals with well‑specified core criteria and multiple explicit statutory carve‑outs. It identifies res…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis