H.R. 904 (119th)Bill Overview

No Tax on Social Security

Social Welfare|Disability assistanceGovernment trust funds
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Jan 31, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to eliminate the inclusion of Social Security benefits in adjusted gross income, effectively ending federal income taxation of those benefits for taxable years after enactment. It adds a termination for section 86 and appropriates amounts from the Treasury to each Social Security and related trust fund equal to any reduction in transfers to that fund caused by the change.

Why people may split

Liberals emphasize regressivity and demand targeted benefits or offsets.

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and directly achieves its primary substantive objective by repealing the application of section 86 to Social Security benefits and by providing a statutory appropriation to hold trust funds harmless, but it provides limited administrative, fiscal-detail, and oversight scaffolding.

This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to eliminate the inclusion of Social Security benefits in adjusted gross income, effectively ending federal income taxation of those benefits for taxable years after enactment.

It adds a termination for section 86 and appropriates amounts from the Treasury to each Social Security and related trust fund equal to any reduction in transfers to that fund caused by the change.

The appropriation covers funds under the Social Security Act, the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, and the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974.

Passage30/100

Simple and popular in concept but high long-term budgetary cost and recurring appropriations reduce institutional appetite for enactment.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and directly achieves its primary substantive objective by repealing the application of section 86 to Social Security benefits and by providing a statutory appropriation to hold trust funds harmless, but it provides limited administrative, fiscal-detail, and oversight scaffolding.

Contention55/100

Liberals emphasize regressivity and demand targeted benefits or offsets.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governmentsFederal agencies · Taxpayers

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitIncreases after-tax income for Social Security beneficiaries by eliminating income taxation on benefits.
  • Potential benefitSimplifies tax filing for many retirees by removing reporting and calculations for taxable benefits.
  • Local governmentsPotentially increases consumer spending among beneficiaries, possibly supporting local jobs and services.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesIncreases federal outlays and likely raises federal deficits absent other offsets.
  • TaxpayersShifts cost of previously taxed benefits onto general Treasury, spreading burden to all taxpayers.
  • Potential burdenProvides larger tax benefits to higher-income beneficiaries receiving larger Social Security benefits.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize regressivity and demand targeted benefits or offsets.
Progressive60%

Supports reducing tax burdens on retirees but worries this blanket tax cut is regressive and lacks explicit offsets.

Appreciates the trust-fund hold-harmless language but will want details on who benefits and how costs are covered.

May prefer a targeted approach or revenue offsets from wealthy taxpayers or corporations.

Split reaction
Centrist65%

Generally favorable to relieving taxes on retirees and appreciates the explicit hold-harmless provision for trust funds.

Concerned about the bill’s fiscal cost and wants official scoring, offsets, or a sunset to manage tradeoffs.

Would weigh benefits to moderate-income retirees against deficit implications.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Strongly supportive of repealing tax on Social Security as a pro-tax-cut, limited-government reform.

Views the trust-fund appropriations as necessary to avoid program disruption, though some conservatives may prefer no new ongoing outlays.

Overall sees the bill as pro-senior and pro-individual liberty.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood30/100

Simple and popular in concept but high long-term budgetary cost and recurring appropriations reduce institutional appetite for enactment.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate (CBO score) included
  • Whether appropriations language is treated as mandatory spending
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize regressivity and demand targeted benefits or offsets.

Simple and popular in concept but high long-term budgetary cost and recurring appropriations reduce institutional appetite for enactment.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly and directly achieves its primary substantive objective by repealing the application of section 86 to Social Security benefits and by providing a statutory ap…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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