H. Res. 365 (119th)Bill Overview

Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the House should recognize Robert Aitken's Bible as a historical document of the United States Congress.

Simple ResolutionArts, Culture, Religion|Arts, Culture, Religion
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Apr 30, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on House Administration.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Simple ResolutionWhat this resolution actually does

This resolution expresses the House's view that Robert Aitken's Bible should be recognized as a historical document connected to the United States Congress. It does not create or change any law, nor does it by itself require action by the Senate, the President, or any federal agency. It is a formal, nonbinding statement asking the House to acknowledge the historical association described in the text.

Passage rules

Simple resolutions are acted on by the House alone and do not go to the Senate or require the President's signature. They do not have the force of law and typically only express the chamber's position or make internal House arrangements.

This nonbinding House resolution expresses the sense that the House should recognize Robert Aitken’s Bible as a historical document of the United States Congress.

The text cites that Aitken’s Bible was the first known English-language Bible printed in North America, that Aitken petitioned Congress in 1781, and that a September 12, 1782 Committee resolution (signed by Charles Thomson) recommended that edition to the public.

Passage0/100

A simple House sense resolution is non-binding and does not become law under normal procedures.

CredibilityAligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward commemorative House resolution that clearly states the historical basis for recognition but provides only minimal procedural detail or implementation guidance.

Contention32/100

Whether recognition equals government endorsement of religion

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitFormally highlights an early American printing milestone and congressional historical connection.
  • Potential benefitCould encourage archival attention and preservation of related congressional-era materials.
  • Potential benefitMay support educational and public history programming about early American print culture.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMay prompt concerns about Congress appearing to endorse a particular religious text.
  • Potential burdenCould be viewed as privileging one religious document over other historical or religious items.
  • Potential burdenSymbolic focus may draw criticism as diverting attention from pressing legislative priorities.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Whether recognition equals government endorsement of religion
Progressive40%

A mainstream progressive would be cautiously split.

They may accept the historical facts and preservation value, but worry recognition could be read as government endorsement of a religious text.

Supporters would likely require strict secular, educational framing and inclusive context.

Split reaction
Centrist75%

A pragmatic moderate would view this as a low-cost, symbolic historical recognition with limited policy impact.

They would favor clarity that the resolution is nonbinding and intended for historical preservation, while discouraging politicization.

Leans supportive
Conservative95%

A mainstream conservative would likely support the resolution as a proper recognition of national heritage and the historical role of Christianity in early America.

They would see it as a symbolic affirmation of tradition with negligible cost or policy consequences.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood0/100

A simple House sense resolution is non-binding and does not become law under normal procedures.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether House will adopt despite symbolic nature
  • Potential objections invoking Establishment Clause concerns
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Whether recognition equals government endorsement of religion

A simple House sense resolution is non-binding and does not become law under normal procedures.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a straightforward commemorative House resolution that clearly states the historical basis for recognition but provides only minimal procedural detail or implementa…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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